LANGUAGE AND

COMMUNICATION
The Meaning, Nature, and
Types of Communication
WHAT IS
COMMUNICATION?
Generally defined as the exchange of
thoughts, ideas, concepts, and views
between or among two or more people.
WHAT IS
COMMUNICATION?
Two-way process of sending and
receiving information through a common
system of sign, symbol, and body
language.
Despite what is considered,
communication as a term takes on
different contexts resulting on
people having different views on
communication types.
CONTEXT
The circumstance or environment in
which communication takes place.
• Different contexts can impact one’s
communication.
• Each communication type is governed by
a particular circumstance.
• Thus, it is essential to pay attention to the
interplay of factors surrounding the
context of communication which may be
physical, cultural, social, and
psychological in nature.
TYPES OF
COMMUNICATION
•According to Communication Mode
•According to Context
•According to Purpose and Style
ACCORDING TO MODE
•Verbal Communication
•Non-Verbal Communication
•Visual Communication
VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
•transmission of ideas, opinions,
feelings, emotions or attitudes
through the use of words
NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
•sending of messages to another
person utilizing methods or means
other than words
•Effective communication calls for
the blending of these two types;
one cannot be separated from the
other.
VISUAL
COMMUNICATION
• uses visuals to convey information and/or
messages
• signs, symbols, imagery, maps, graphs,
charts, diagrams, pictograms, photos,
drawings or illustrations, and even various
forms of electronic communication (emojis)
•Visual communication now
occupies an important place in
any work environment; visuals
are used to transfer data into
digestible information.
ACCORDING TO CONTEXT
•Intrapersonal Communication
•Interpersonal Communication
•Extended Communication
•Organizational Communication
•Intercultural Communication
INTRAPERSONAL
COMMUNICATION
• communication with yourself
• a very personal communication where
you are both the sender and the receiver
•You are going to be very late for
your first class. Think of what you
will say to your teacher.
•How you handle the given situation
would depend on the intrapersonal
communication that you have had
before and/or during your overt
behaviour.
INTERPERSONAL
COMMUNICATION
• dyadic communication
• communication that involves two
persons or two groups of people who
share the roles of sender and receiver
•One study reported that college
students spend almost half of their
total communication time interacting
with another person (Wheeler & Nelek
742-754).
EXTENDED
COMMUNICATION
• involves the use of electronic media like
television, radio, tele/audio/phone/video
conferencing, Skype calls, and other
technological means
•With the use of electronic media,
messages are transmitted quickly.
•With extended communication, your
own thinking, behaviour, and attitude
may be influenced by other people
and you may be persuaded to take
the views your hear.
•It is important that you weigh what
you hear and assess them against
those beliefs that you hold onto so
you do not get easily swayed by other
people’s convictions.
ORGANIZATIONAL
COMMUNICATION
• the focus is on the role that
communication plays in organizational
contexts
• Organization comprise individuals who
work for the company.
• As a member of a company, you should
know that you as a communication
professional should meet or that you as
the owner may establish.
• For an organization to be successful, a
system of communication should be put
in place.
• A set of rules or standards for
communication protocol should be made
clear so that interaction patterns are
established.
INTERCULTURAL
COMMUNICATION
• communication between or among
people having different linguistics,
religious, gender, ethnic, social, and
professional backgrounds
• Individuals having different orientations
communicate and interpret messages
differently. (pluckering of lips, making eye
contact)
• Linguistic differences are of the essence.
• With the advent of World Englishes,
different cultures develop different lexicon
peculiar only to the speech community.
ACCORDING TO
PURPOSE AND STYLE
•Formal Communication
•Informal Communication
FORMAL
COMMUNICATION
• employs formal language delivered orally
or in written form
•lectures, public talks/speeches,
research and project proposals,
reports, and business letters, among
others are all considered formal
situations or writings
•Note that while lectures and speeches
are delivered orally, the texts have
been thought out carefully and written
well before they are delivered
INFORMAL
COMMUNICATION
• does not employ formal language
•involves personal and ordinary
conversations with friends, family
members, or acquaintances about
anything under the sun
•the mode may be oral as in face-to-
face, ordinary or everyday talks and
phone calls, or written as in the case
of e-mail messages, personal notes,
letters, or text messages
•The purpose is simply to socialize
and enhance relationships.
CONCEPT BANK:
1. communication 11. formal communication
2. context 12. informal communication
3. verbal communication
4. non-verbal communication
5. visual communication
6. intrapersonal communication
7. interpersonal communication
8. extended communication
9. organizational communication
10. intercultural communication