Types of Communication

is what ??
It is a process of exchanging –
Information
Ideas
Thoughts
Feelings
Emotions
Through –
Speech
Signals
Writing
Behavior 2
 Communication - definition
 the process by which people exchange
information or express their thoughts and
feelings
 Context
• Is the circumstance or environment in which
communication styles take place.
• May include the physical or actual setting, the value
positions of a speaker/listener, and the relevance or
appropriateness of a message conveyed.
Communication may be
classified according to:

1. Communication mode
2. Context
3. Purpose and style
Types of Communication
According to Mode

• Verbal
• Non-verbal
• Visual
 VERBAL
1. spoken rather than
written
2. relating to words or
using words
3. relating to a verb
 Verbal
 It refers to the form of communication in which message is
transmitted verbally.
 Communication is done by word of mouth and a piece of writing.
 In verbal communication remember the acronym “KISS” (keep it
short and simple).

Verbal Communication is divided into:

 Oral Communication
 Written Communication
 Oral
 In oral communication, Spoken words are used.
 It includes face-to-face conversations, speech, telephonic
conversation, video, radio, television, voice over internet.
 Communication is influence by pitch, volume, speed and
clarity of speaking.

 Advantages –
It brings quick feedback.
In a face-to-face conversation, by reading facial expression
and body language one can guess whether he/she should
trust what’s being said or not.

 Disadvantages –
In face-to-face discussion, user is unable to deeply think
about what he is delivering, so this can be counted as a
fault.

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Written
 In written communication, written signs or symbols are used
to communicate.
 In written communication message can be transmitted via
email, letter, report, memo etc.
 Written Communication is most common form of
communication being used in business.
 Advantages –
Messages can be edited and revised
Written communication provide record and backup.
A written message enables receiver to fully understand it and
send appropriate feedback.
 Disadvantages –
Written communication doesn’t bring instant feedback. It take
more time in composing a written message as compared to
word-of-mouth and number of people struggles for writing
ability. 10
 Nonverbal
• Nonverbal communication is the
sending or receiving of wordless
messages. Such as gesture, body
language, posture, tone of
voice or facial expressions, is
called nonverbal
communication.
• Nonverbal communication is all
about the body language of
speaker.
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 Non-verbal communication involves the use of
the following to convey or emphasize a
message of information:
• Voice – this includes tone, speech rate, pitch, pauses and volume
• Body language – includes facial expressions, gestures, postures, and eye
contact
• Personal space or distance – refers to an area of space and distance that a
person from a different culture, personality, age, sex, and status adopts and
puts for another person
• Personal appearance – refers to how a person presents himself/herself to a
particular situation, whether formal or informal
Visual Communication
• Type of communication that uses visuals to convey
information and/or messages.
• Examples are signs, symbols, imagery, maps, graphs,
charts, diagrams, pictograms, photos, drawings or
illustrations, and even various forms of electronic
communication.
 Types of Communication According to
Context
1. Intrapersonal
2. Interpersonal
3. Extended
4. Organization
5. Intercultural
 Intrapersonal Communication
• is communication that
occurs in your own mind.
• It is the basis of your
feelings, biases, prejudices,
and beliefs.
 Intrapersonal Communication
– Examples are when you make any kind of
decision – what to eat or wear. When you
think about something – what you want to do
on the weekend or when you think about
another person.

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 Interpersonal Communication
• is the communication between two
people but can involve more in informal
conversations.
Interpersonal communication Examples
– when you are talking to your friends
– A teacher and student discussing an assignment.
– A patient and a doctor discussing a treatment.
– A manager and a potential employee during an
interview.
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 Analyze the following two
situations:
Situation No. 1
Speaker A: Hello! I am Kaeselle Ramos. And you?
Speaker B: Oh, I am Venice Mendoza. Glad to meet you. How are you related
to the bride?
Speaker A: She is my cousin. Her mom and mine are sisters. How about you?
Speaker B: She was my high school classmate. I never knew anything about
her personal life so we were kind of surprised when she sent us the
invitation. As always, she is very private.
Speaker A: I see. Well, she’s really like that. Ever since we were kids, she had
always been a very quiet person.
Situation No. 2
Speaker A: Excuse me. Would you know how to get to the nearest mall?
Speaker B: Yes. In fact, you may go there on foot or simply take a jeepney. If you
walk, it will take you about 20minutes to get there. You can just take the exit
gate near the hospital then turn left and walk straight ahead. You wont miss it
because of the big sign. Jeepneys take the same route and it should not take
you more than 10minutes even with the traffic.
Speaker A: Thank you very much. I think I will just take the public transportation as
I am running out of time. You have been really helpful. Thanks again.
 Extended Communication
• Involves the use of
electronic media
• Includes tele, audio, or
phone conferencing;
• Video-conferencing;
• Skype calls;
• Other technological means
 Organizational Communication
• The focus is on the role that communication
plays in organizational contexts.
• For an organization to be successful, a system
of communication should be put in place.
 Two types of organizational structure
1. Formal
2. Informal
 Formal Communication
allows communication to take place via
designated channels of message flow
between positions in the organization.
Four approaches
1. Downward – is the type that flows from upper to
lower positions, i.e., president to a manager or
supervisor, a manager to an ordinary staff.
- The flow of communication is top-down or from a
superior to a subordinate, usually asking certain
individuals to perform a certain task.
2. Upward Communication – message transmission is
bottom-up in which subordinates send communication to
their superiors/bosses bearing their views/feedback on
organizational policies, and issues related to their jobs.
3. Horizontal Communication – is lateral in approach as it
take place among people belonging to the same level but
coming from different departments or units to facilitate
performance or tasks through proper coordination.
4. Crosswise communication – is diagonal in nature as
employees from different units or departments
working at various levels communicate with each
other.
 Informal Communication
• Comes from unofficial channels of message flow.
• Also known as “grapevine”, messages coming from the
different levels of the organization are transmitted.
• This occurs due to the dissatisfaction of some
employees accompanied by uncertainty, such as
superiors playing regulations.
 Organizational culture
- dictate the kind of behavior that employees should
possess as well as the extent of commitment
expected from them by the organization.
- They share all in the values, practices, vision, and
mission of the organization.
 Intercultural Communication
• It is the communication between or among
people having different linguistic, religious,
ethnic, social, and professional backgrounds.
 Types of Communication According to
Purpose and Style
• Formal communication
• Informal communication
 Formal communication
• Employs formal language delivered orally or in
written form.
• Lectures, public talks/speeches, research and project
proposals, reports, and business letters, among
others
 Informal Communication
• Does not employ formal language
• involves personal and ordinary
conversation with friends, family
members, or acquaintances about
anything under the sun.
• the mode may be oral as in face-to-face,
ordinary or everyday talks and phone
calls, or written as in the case of e-mail
messages, personal notes, letters, or text
messages.
• The purpose it simply to socialize and
enhance relationships
 Synthesis
• There are various types of communication. These types can be
divided according to mode, context, and purpose and style.
– In terms of communication mode, the types of communication
are verbal, non-verbal, and visual.
– In terms of context, the communication types are intrapersonal,
interpersonal, extended, organizational, and organizational.
– In terms of purpose and style, the types of communication are
formal and informal
• Verbal and non-verbal codes should complement each other.
With visual communication, interpretation of signs and
symbols is crucial since people have different ways of
interpreting them.
• It is important to always contextualize the symbol/sign
received in order to arrive at the correct interpretation.
• In any organization, a system of communication should be put
in place. Transmission of message and message flow also play
an important role in effective organizational communication.
• People have different linguistic, religious, ethnic, social
and professional backgrounds. It is necessary to pay
attention to intercultural communication to avoid
miscommunication and/or communication breakdown.
• Formal communication and informal communication
have different uses depending on the situation. Both
types may be in oral or written mode.