Unit-3

Data Collection and Analysis

What is Data Collection?

It is the process by which the researcher collects the

information needed to answer the research problem
• The task of data collection begins after a research
problem has been defined and research. Design
chalked out.
Methods of Data Collection

1. Primary Data
Primary data are those which are collected for the first time and are
original in character.

2. Secondary Data
Secondary data are those which have already been collected by
someone else and which have through some statistical analysis
Collection of Primary Data

• Primary Data may be collected through:

1. Experiments
2. Surveys (sample surveys or census surveys)
3. Interviews
4. Observation
5. Questionnaires
Collection of Secondary Data

Secondary nata secondary Data refers to information which is

already available We just need to abstract acquired information
forthe purpose of reference.
Methods of collection
1. Books.
2. Internet
3. Magazines
4. Journals Research paper
5. Annual reports
6. Catalogues/ Business Magazine
Formulation of Questionnaire Aligned With
Objective Framed.

QUESTIONNAIRE
A set of predetermined questions for all respondents that serves as a primary
research instrument in survey research.
• Oused to collect factual information Consist of a form containing a series
of questions
CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD QUESTIONNAIRE

Should be concerned with specific and relevant topic

1. Should be short and clear
2. Directions and wording should be simple and clear
3. Questions should be objective
4. Embarrassing questions, presuming questions and hypothetical
questions should be avoided
5. Should be presented in a good order
6. Should be attractive, neatly printed and clearly arranged
Questionnaire Format

Study of sales Promotion

Statement of a Problem – A study of saver Promotion activities / program of XX company Ltd
Objectives of the study
To study concept of sales Promotion.
To study sales promotion methods of XYZ
To know impact of sales promotion company
To analyze scope, impact of the importance of
Questionary
1. Are you aware of sales promotion
A. Yes b. No
2. How you came to know about sales promotion ?
a. Friends. b. Family Members. C. Social media d. Other
Continue.....

• 3. Which method of sales promotion are you aware of

a. Advertising
b. Cashback
c. Premium
d. Publicity
e. Exchange Offer
HYPOTHESIS

• Hypothesis is assumption about the selected research topic

undertaken for the study
Generally their two types of hypothesis
1. Null hypothesis Researches
2. Alternative hypothesis

• Hypothesis is a statement or assumption which can be put

into validity test is called as hypothesis testing
Hypothesis Types

1. Null Hypothesis
• A researches not interested in a hypothesis or a researcher wish to
disprove the hypothesis is called on Null hypothesis It is generally denoted as H0
2. Alternative Hypothesis 
• A researches is interested in hypothesis or a researcher Wish to
prove a hypothesis is called as Alternative hypothesis. It is
generally denoted as “HA” or “H1
Types of Errors

1. Type I Error
H0 Is true and we reject H0 then Type I Error Occurs

2. Type II Error
H0 is false and we accept H0 then type II Error Occurs
Type of Error