Quality control

To
Mam Dr. Sumaira Naeem
By
Muhammad muzammal

Roll No. 20014107-039

 Table of Contents
• 1.1: Quality control
• 1.2: Objectives of quality control
• 1.3: Quality control in different fields
• 1.4: Steps in quality control
• 1.5:Quality control 7 Tools
 Quality control

• Quality control includes methods and tools which

guarantees the results of laboratory analysis are accurate
and reliable.
 Objectives of quality control

We ensure quality control :

• To ensure quality of sample

• To make organization trust
worthy
• To increase the productivity
• To reduce time loss
• To reduce product loss
• Precision and accuracy
Quality control in different fields

• Betterment of industrial product

quality.
• Food items
• Demands of public
• Biological samples
 Steps involved in quality control

There are three steps to ensure quality control.

• Per-analytical step
• Analytical steps
• Post analytical
 Per-analytical step

• These are following steps :

• Identification of sample
• Correct labels
• Correct vial
• Correct volume
• Sample transportation
 Analytical steps

• Steps are given bellow

• Right technique
• Right control
• Calibrated
instrument
• Exact time
 Post analytical

• Steps included are:

• Right reporting
• Right record
• Handover to
right patient
 1. Stratification
2. Histogram
3. Bonefish or
Basic Tools Ishikawa diagram
4. Telly Chart
Of Quality 5. Pareto Chart or 80-
20 rule
Control 6. Scater Diagram
7. Control Chart or
Shewhart Chart
 Stratification

• Small group called strata are formed

• Each group is studied separately
• Results are drawn as line graphs
• The difference between lines obtained
is minimized
Stratificatio
n
 Histogram

• Bar charts are used

• Variable mostly problems on Y-axis
• Constant mostly time on X-axis
• Different values for different time are
obtained
• The problems can be minimized by
decreasing bar value of each problem.
Histogram
 Bonefish or Ishikawa diagram

Start to end mechanism is represented in form of fish

skeleton
The problems relating each point or step are branches of
these points as shown in figure
Six major points( bones) are

• Measurement
• material
• Environment
• Method
• Manpower
• Machine
Bonefish
or
Ishikawa
diagram
 Telly Chart

• Quantitative analysis
• Quality is measured by
different incidents
occurred
• Analysis of all incidents
per day and single
incident per week is
studied
Telly
Chart
Pareto Chart or 80-20 rule

• It comprises of both line

and bar chart
• It highlights major
problems in quality
control
• It highlights those 20%
factors which hold 80%
problems (80-20 rule)
Pareto
Chart or
80-20 rule
 Scatter diagram

• It is correlation between 2 or more variables

• One is independent (causes/problems)
• others are dependent (effects)
• By studying scatter diagram, we can see %age of effect
by any problem
• Perfect correlation mean problem contributes a lot in
quality default and vice-versa.
Scatter
diagram
Control Chart or Shewhart Chart

• It is most important of all tools

• It is based on data obtained in
history
• The chart has highest and lowest
values observed in past
• It also ha a control line which is
ideal situation
• It is cheaper and simpler than other
tools
Control
Chart or
Shewhart
Chart