IMPROPER INTEGRAL

- It is definite integral evaluate to ∞ or -∞ (or both), or a definite integral that is

discontinuous over the interval.

Two(2) types of improper integral:

i.) The interval if integration is infinite.
ii.) The integrand is discontinuity in the in the interval.

These 2 type of improper integral lead to the following cases;

• With infinite upper limit
• With infinite lower limit
• With both upper and lower limit
• With infinite discontinuous of integral
 𝑡
lim
𝑡→ ∞
∫ 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥
𝑎

lim ∫ 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥
𝑡→−∞ 𝑡

𝑘 𝑡
lim ∫ 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥 + lim ∫ 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥
𝑡→ ∞ 𝑡 𝑡 → −∞ 𝑘
 lim ¿
𝑐

𝑡→ 𝑎
+¿
∫ 𝑓 (𝑥¿)𝑑𝑥 ¿¿
𝑡

𝑡
lim ∫ 𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥
𝑡→𝑎− 𝑏

+¿
Example:
f(x)= 1/x-2
1.)

2.)

3.)

4.)
What is the area under the curve of y=1/x^2 ?

Hence, it is convergent.
 IMPROPER INTEGAL WITH INFINITE UPPER LIMIT
If f is continuous on [a, +∞], then

If the limits exists.

Example:
1.) Evaluate dx +]
Solution: f(x)= = 0 + 1/In2
dx = 1/In2
Let u= -x Hence, it is convergent
du=-dx
=
=