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• In a jump discountinuity(Example 2),the right- and left-hand limits both exist,but are
not equal. Thus, lim 𝑓 𝑥 𝑑𝑜𝑒𝑠 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑒𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡,𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡𝑜 (1).𝑇ℎ𝑒 𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑗𝑢𝑚𝑝
𝑥→𝑎
is the difference between the right-hand limit and the left-hand limit(it is 2 in
Example 2,for instance).Though jump discontinuities are not common function, they
occur frequently in engineering-for example in square waves in electrical
engineering or the sudden discharge of a capacitors.
Continuous 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏ȁ0 = 1 − 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 ȁ0 or b =1
• a= −1+2x and at x = 0 a = -1
Example 3
𝑥
𝑥≤1
F(x)=ቊ 3
𝑥 𝑥>1
• lim− 𝑓 𝑥 = 1, 𝑓 1 = 1; lim+ 𝑓 𝑥 = 13 = 1
𝑥→1 𝑥→1
′ 𝑥 𝑥≤1
• 𝑓 𝑥 = F(x)= ቊ 2
3𝑥 𝑥>1
′ ′ 2
• lim− 𝑓 𝑥 = 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 lim+ 𝑓 𝑥 = 3 1 =3
𝑥→1 𝑥→1
Example 4
Find the value of x that make
the F(x) differentiable
𝑥 𝑥>0
(Fx)= −𝑥 𝑥>0
0 𝑥=0
M= slope
Example 5
Find the value of x that
make the F(x) differentiable
(Fx)=
𝑥2 <0
𝑥+2 𝑥 ≥0
Example 6
Find the value of x that make the F(x)
differentiable
𝑥 𝑥≤0
(Fx)=
𝑥3 𝑥 > 0
Exercise
2
1. F(x)=ቊ 𝑥 + 𝑥 + 𝑎 𝑥 ≤ 0 , a and b are constants,
𝑏𝑥 + 2 𝑥>1
hence find all value of a and b for which f(x) is
differentiable.