FOUNDATION DESIGN FOR GIVEN

STRUCTURE

FINAL PRESENTATION
Group Members:

– Hamza Ahmad -18L-0723

– Husnain Haider -18L-4054
– Hamza Hussain-18L-4053

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 OBJECTIVE
• Our objective is to design the foundation considering
for our given structure and by the input from all the
stake holders. The structure we have is a 30
storey commercial building (50 x 50 m footprint) in
Quetta.

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 FOUNDATION
• In engineering, a foundation is the element of a structure
which connects it to the ground, transferring loads from
the structure to the ground. Foundations are generally
considered either shallow or deep.

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 FOUNDATION DESIGN
• Foundations form the base of a structure and are
designed to transfer loads through the upper weak layer
of soil to a stronger layer of soil or bedrock below. The
primary concerns for foundation design are bearing
capacity and settlement beneath the foundations.

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 TYPES OF FOUNDATION
• SHALLOW FOUNDATION: A shallow foundation is a type of
building foundation that transfers structural load to the earth very
near to the surface, rather than to a subsurface layer or a range of
depths, as does a deep foundation.
• Founding depth is lless than 3-m
• DEEP FOUNDATION: A deep foundation is a type of foundation that
transfers building loads to the earth farther down from the surface
than a shallow foundation does to a subsurface layer or a range of
depths.
• Founding depths are greater than 3-m.and structures are very high-
rise.
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 SOILS ANF FOUNDATIONS IN QUETTA
• Geotechnical properties of soils highly influence the
stability of civil engineering structures.
• Initially, few bore holes (number and depth of bore holes
will be suggested by the geotechnical expert) are made
or a test pit is opened to establish in a general manner
the stratification, types of soil to be expected,and possibly
the location of the groundwater table. If the initial borings
indicate that the upper soil is good or highly compacted,
one or more borings should be taken to rock or
competent strata. 7
• Deep foundation: Deep foundation is provided if the
desired bearing capacity is not found at shallow depth.
• Any of the following tests must be performed to find the
desired bearing capacity depth.
• i. Standard Penetration Test (SPT)
• ii. Cone Penetration Test (CPT)
• IN our project , we select deep foundation.

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 LOAD ON FOUNDATION
• Total Calculated Load by the structure= 2437417.5
KN/m2
• 30 Columns at a spacing of 6 meter are used in our
proposed structure.
• Load on Each Column= 2437417.5/ 30 = 81247.25
KN/m2
• Area of footprint of building = 2500 m2

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• Uniformly distributed load below each column(q)=
81247.25/2500 = 32.49 KN/m2
• Load on all columns=n 32.49 * 30 =974.7 KN/m2

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SELECTION OUR FOUNDATION DESIGN
• First of all we will apply the bearing checks on different
type of foundation like shallow foundation and then we
will select the most suitable foundation.
• As our structure is in QUETTA., hence the strata of soil is
compacted and rock soil.
• Bearing-capacity failure occurs when q = qu

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• STRIP FOOTING:
• Terzaghi’s bearing-capacity equation allows us to
estimate the bearing capacity for shallow strip footings
• qu = qc + qq + qγ = c′Nc + qNq +1/2γBNγ
• q = γDf is the surcharge.
• Nc, Nq, and Nγ are the bearing capacity factors, and are
given by Table as a function of φ′.

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 SQUARE FOOTING:

y = 16.675 KN/m3 , c = 150 KPa(For a good

compacted soil)
q = y x Df = 16.675 x 2 =33.35 Kpa
Nq=1.003
Nc=5.14
Φ = 0.03 Nγ = 2 Nq + 1 tan β
Ny= 0
𝑞𝑢=1.3𝑐′𝑁𝑐+𝑞𝑁𝑞+0.4𝛾𝐵𝑁𝛾
qu= 1035.65 kpa
FOS = 3
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q allowed = (q ultimate)/3 =1035.65= 345.2 KPa
𝑞𝑢(𝑛𝑒𝑡)=𝑞𝑢−𝑞 = 1035.65 -33.35 =1002.3KPa
𝑞𝑎𝑙𝑙(𝑛𝑒𝑡)=(𝑞𝑢−𝑞)/𝐹𝑠 1002.3/3= 334.1KPa
•Total Allowable settlement is= 25mm
•The correlations involve the depth factor
𝐹𝑑=1+0.33(𝐷𝑓/𝐵)≤1.33
Fd = 1.33 N60 = 12.5
q net = (12.5/0.08)(2+0.3/2)^2(1.33)(25/25) = 960.6KPa
Hence, this footing is not passing for strength capacity and as well as for the
settlement bearing capacity so it will not be used. 14
 REFERENCES
• https://drive.google.com/file/d/
1RrU3M8Q0I6cLiqL3sYHpZ7Jk1_Fx60LT/view

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