Concept of Man,

Health and Illness

NCM 103 Fundamentals of Nursing Practice
First Semester, AY 2020-2021
Learning Objectives:

• Understand the concepts of Man, Health and Illness

A. define health, wellness and illness
B. differentiate health, wellness and illness
C. describe the dimensions of wellness
D. compare various health models

• Identify Factors and Issues Affecting Health and Illness

• Define the Health Care delivery system
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The person is he to whom this nature is
given and who has to use it for his
purposes (Palmiano, 2019).
Nursing Metaparadigm

• Person
• Environment
• Nursing
• Health
Person
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Person
recipient of nursing care

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Person
central to the nursing care provided

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Person
... provide individualized,
patient-centered care

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 are in the unique position to
help patients achieve and maintain
optimal levels of health.

(Potter & Perry, et.al, 2018)

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Health
 Health

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Health
Health
Health
• Rights:

• 1. The sick person is temporarily exempt from performing ‘normal’ social

roles (such as going to work or housekeeping). The more severe the
sickness, the greater the exemption.

• 2. A genuine illness is seen as beyond the control of the sick person and
not curable by simple willpower and motivation. Therefore, the sick
person should not be blamed for their illness and they should be
taken care of by others until they can resume their normal social role.
• Obligations:

• 1. The sick person is expected to see being sick as undesirable and

so are under the obligation to try and get well as quickly as
possible.

• 2. After a certain period of time, the sick person must seek

technically competent help (usually a doctor) and cooperate with
the advice of the doctor in order to get better.
 Physical

Environmental Intellectual

SEVEN
COMPONENTS
Spiritual OF Social

WELLNESS

Emotional Occupational
Models of
Health and
Wellness
Clinical Model Adaptive Model
Health is identified by the absence • Health is a creative process;
of signs and symptoms of disease or disease is a failure in adaptation,
injury. or maladaptation

Role-Performance Eudemonistic Model

Model • Health is seen as a condition of
actualization or realization of
a person’s potential.
Ecologic Model

Agent

Host Environment
Dunn's High-Level
Wellness Grid
TRAVIS'S Illness-Wellness continuum
 ILLNESS

Refers to a highly personal state in which the

person’s physical, emotional intellectual, social,
developmental or spiritual functioning is
thought to be diminished or impaired.
Key Points:

• Person or Human Being is the recipient of nursing

• There is individualized, patient-care
• Health is defined by each person
• Wellness is a state of well-being (subjective)
• Well-being is a component of health.
Palmiano, Dariel. (2019). Philosophy of the Human
REFERENCES:
Person.

Potter, Patricia, et. al (2018) Fundamentals of

Nursing 9th edition. Elsevier (Singapore)
Pte.Ltd.

Berman, Audrey (2018) Kozier & Erb’s fundamentals

of nursing : concepts, practice, and process ,
Tenth edition.