LANGUAGE, LEARNING, AND

TEACHING

By German Martinez Powell

 INTRODUCCTION:

• Learning another language provides many benefits, including higher academic

achievement, greater cognitive development, and more positive attitudes
towards other languages and cultures. In a nutshell, language learning is
necessary for students and teachers to function effectively in the teaching
cycle.
 WHAT IS LANGUAGE?

• Language is a complex and specialized skill, which develops in the child

spontaneously, without conscious effort or formal instruction, unfolds without
awareness of its underlying logic, is qualitatively the same in all individuals,
and is distinct from other more general abilities to process information or
behave intelligently.
 WHAT IS LEARNING AND TEACHING?

• Learning: is “acquiring knowledge of a • Teaching: can be defined as “showing or

subject or skill through study,
experience, or instruction”. An
educational psychologist would define
learning even more succinctly as “a
change in an individual caused by
experience.”
helping someone learn to do something,
giving instructions, guiding in the study
of something, providing knowledge,
making it known or understood.”
WHAT ARE THE PERSPECTIVES IN SECOND
LANGUAGE ACQUISITION?

Structural linguistics and

behavioral psychology.

Generative linguistics and cognitive

psychology.

Cognitivism a multidisciplinary
Approach
 NINETEEN CENTURY OF LANGUAGE TEACHING,
EXPLAIN.

• At the time of the nineteenth century, little attention was paid to the teaching of the oral use of
languages; since languages were not taught primarily to learn oral/auditory communication, but
rather to learn for the sake of being "learned" or, in some cases, to acquire reading proficiency in a
foreign language. Since there was little or no theoretical research on second language acquisition in
general, or on the acquisition of reading literacy, foreign languages were taught like any other skill. it
was grammatical, memoristic and mere translation.
 LANGUAGE TEACHING IN THE TWENTIETH
CENTURY. EXPLAIN.

• In the 20th century, the paradigm that lay in the previous century was changing and evolving, the
learning and teaching of a foreign language was not only for intellectual purposes, but an elemental
perspective was acquired for communication between people, thus breaking the previous model, at this
time we have focuses on fluency, accuracy, role of the teacher and students of a foreign language, etc.
Leaving aside the grammar translation method and opening the way to a communication paradigm
 WHAT ARE THE SUB-FIELDS IN THE
LEARNING PROCESS?

Languaje Subfields of research and inquiry

is systematic Phonetics; phonology; morphology; syntax; discourse analysis; lexical analysis.

uses arbitrary symbols Semiotics; semantics; philosophy & history of language; psycholinguistics.

uses symbols that are primarily vocal but
may also be visual
uses symbols that have conventionalized
meanings.
is used for communication
Phonetics; phonology; writing systems; orthography; nonverbal communication.
Semantics; pragmatics; sociolinguistics; psycholinguistics; cognitive linguistics.
Sentence processing; pragmatics; discourse analysis; conversation analysis.

operates in a speech community Sociolinguistics; sociocultural analysis; or culture pragmatics; dialectology;

bilingualism.
is essentially human, but not limited to Innateness; genetics; neurolinguistics; animal communication
humans

has universal characteristics Universal Grammar; innateness; ermergentism; neurolinguistics; cross-cultural

analysis.
 MY BRIEF DEFINITION OF TEACHING.

• Teaching is a process by which a person endowed with knowledge of an area,

transmits it to one or more people to enrich them with such knowledge and thus
be able to promote their growth.
 CONCLUSION:

• After reading and then analyzing to answer the questions, the concepts
of language, learning and teaching are clear to us, in addition to
knowing and identifying the different perspectives which have evolved
through the centuries, so that we will have a global concept and full of
all these terms.