The Propaganda

Movement
Badilles, Kimberlyn
Bao, Robbie Moises
Caswell, Melodie
Dimaano, Kristina Viktoria Yasmin
Maghanoy, RJ Christian
Okuyama, Kenichi
What is the Propaganda
Movement?
● peaceful crusade or campaign for reforms
● organized and participated by the ilustrados

2
Rise of the Propaganda
Movement
● started in 1872
○ Cavite Mutiny
○ execution of GomBurZa at Luneta
○ patriotic students met in foreign cities
● after 1872
○ deportation of Filipino leaders
○ persecution of the intellectuals
○ abuses of the Spanish masters

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Reforms desired by the Propaganda
Movement

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 The Propagandists
● patriots ● scions of good
● waged their families, highly
movements by intelligent,
means of pen and educated, patriotic,
tongue and courageous

THE PURPOSE
● expose the defects
● of Spanish rule
● urgency of reforms

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The Propagandists
● Marcelo H. Del Pilar
● Dr. Jose P. Rizal
● Graciano Lopez Jaena
● Mariano Ponce
● Juan Luna and Felix Hidalgo
● Antonio Luna
● Pedro Serrano Laktaw
● Jose Ma. Panganiban
● Fernando Canon
● Jose Alejandrino
● Isabelo delos Reyes
● Dominador Gomez 6
 Leading Figures

● Marcelo H. Del Pilar

● Dr. Jose P. Rizal

● Graciano Lopez Jaena

● Mariano Ponce
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 The Propagandists

Marcelo H. Del Pilar

■ lawyer, journalist
■ beloved by masses for his eloquent Tagalog and fearless
defense of the poor against friar abuses. 8
 The Propagandists

Dr. Jose P. Rizal

■ scholar, scientist, writer
■ Great novelist
TOUCH ME NOT THE REIGN OF
GREED 9
 The Propagandists

Graciano Lopez Jaena Mariano Ponce

■ Greatest orator ■ A medical student and a biographical writer
■ first editor ■ tikbalang, naning, and kalipulako as pen
■ (La Solidaridad) names
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 The Propagandists
Juan Luna and Felix
Master of brush
Hidalgo
Pedro Paterno Lawyer, man of letters
Antonio Luna Pharmacist, essayist
Teacher-tutor of Prince
Pedro Serrano Laktaw
Alfonso de Bourbon
Jose Ma. Panganiban Linguist, essayist
Fernando Canon Engineer and musician
Folklorist, newspaperman,
Isabelo delos Reyes
scholar
Dominador Gomez Physician , orator
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The Foreign Friends

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The Foreign Friends

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 The Anti-Friar
Manifesto of 1888
The Anti-Friar Manifesto

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The Anti-Friar Manifesto

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The Anti-Friar Manifesto

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The Anti-Friar Manifesto

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Literature of the
Propaganda
Movement
 La Solidaridad
● newspaper
● founded by Graciano Lopez Jaena in Barcelona
● published in Barcelona (February 15 -, 1889)
● Was ceased published ( November 15, 1895)

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La Solidaridad

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La Solidaridad

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Rizal becomes a leader of Filipinos in
Europe
● Filipinos in Barcelona were planning to establish a
patriotic society which would cooperate in the crusade
for reforms.
● This society is called Asociacion La Solidaridad
(Solidaridad Association).
● It was inaugurated on December 31,1888 with the
officers: Galiciano Apacible (President); Graciano Lopez
Jaena (Vice President); Manuel Santa Maria
(Secretary); Mariano Ponce (Treasurer); Ma. Jose
Panganiban (Accountant)
● Rizal was chosen as the Honorary President.
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Rizal becomes a leader of Filipinos in
Europe
Rizal wrote a letter addressed to the members of Asociacion
La Solidaridad on January 28, 1889; expressing his thanks
and advice:

a. In young associations the spirit of tolerance

ought to prevail when it concerns trifles that do
not affect the essential part of a thing.
b. A great deal of integrity and much good will. No
member should expect rewards or honors for
what he does.
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 Rizal and the La Solidaridad
●
Newspaper
On February 15,1889, Graciano Lopez Jaena founded La
Solidaridad in Barcelona
It aims to:
(1) work peacefully for political and social reforms
(2) to portray the deplorable conditions of the Philippines
so that Spain may remedy them
(3) to oppose the evil forces or reaction and medievalism
(4) to advocate liberal ideas and programs and
(5) to champion the legitimate aspirations of the Filipino
people to life, democracy and happiness

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 Rizal and the La Solidaridad
Newspaper
Two days after the birth of La Solidaridad, M.H. del Pillar wrote
to Rizal in London:
➔ “At last our little newspaper was born. It is democratic in its
opinion, but very much more so in the organization of its
staff. One should see how editor Graciano writes, corrects
proofs, dissects the printing, distributes the copies, and even
takes them to the malil. Naning (Mariano Ponce), the
manager, gathers the date, edits, corrects the proofs, writes
the leads, prepares the correspondence, and also distributes
the copies. I am only the idler, though the newspaper had
me preoccupied during the period of its conception and birth,
for which reason I am behind in my correspondence with
you.” 26
 Rizal and the La Solidaridad
Newspaper
● Rizal congratulated Lopez Jeana, and his associates in
founding La Solidaridad.
● In his letter to Lopez Jeana, he advised him that great
care should be taken in publishing only the truth in la
soladaridad.
● “be careful”, he admonished, “not to publish
exaggerations or lies or imitate others, who avail
themselves of dishonest means and vulgar and ignoble
language to attain their ends. See that the periodical is
just, honest, and truthful so that its opinion may always
be respected.”
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First Article in La Solidaridad
● Rizal's first article which appeared in La Solidaridad
was entitled Los Agricultores Filipinos (The Filipino
Farmers).
● It was published on March 25 1889, six days after he
left for Paris. In this initial article, he depicted the
deplorable conditions in the Philippines which cause
the backwardness of the Country He wrote:
○ The Filipino farmer has to struggle not only
against petty tyrants and robbers; Against the
first, defense indeed is permitted; against the
latter, not always . . .
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 Writings in London
● Rizal received news of Fray Rodriguez unabated attack on
his Noli. In defense he wrote a pamphlet entitled La Vision del
Fray Rodriguez. (The Vision of Fray Rodriguez) which was
published in Barcelona under his nom-de-plume Dimas Alang.
Rizal demonstrated two things: (1) his profound knowledge
of religion and (2) his biting satire.
● In London, Rizal wrote the famous “Letter to the Young
Women of Malolos” (February 22, 1889) in Tagalog. He
penned it, upon the request of M.H. del Pillar to praise the
young ladies of Malolos for their courage to establish a where
they could learn Spanish, despite the opposition of Fr. Felipe
Garcia, Spanish parish priest of Malolos.
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Rizal and Paris Exposition of
● 1889
Rizal was fascinated by the Universal Exposition of Paris which
opened on May 6, 1889.
● The greatest attraction of this exposition was the Eiffel Tower,
984 feet high, which was built by Alexander Eiffel, celebrated
French engineer.
● One of the features of the Exposition was the international art
competition, in which Felix R. Hidalgo, Juan Luna, Felix Pardo
de Tavera, and Rizal participated. Hidalgo's painting was
awarded second prize, the paintings of Juan Luna and F. Pardo
de Tavera each obtained the third prize, while Rizal's entry (a
bust which he modelled got no prize. This bust was quite good
qualify for the exhibition, but not good enough to win an
amenational prize.

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 Kidlat Club
● On March 19, 1889, the same day when he arrived in Paris from London,
Rizal organized his paisanos (compatriots) into a society called Kidlat
Club.
● Among the members were Antonio and Juan Luna, Gregorio Aguilera,
Fernando Canon, Lauro Dimayuga, Julio Llorente, Guillermo Puatu, and
Baldomero Roxas.
● The Kidlat Club was purely a social society of a temporary nature. It was
founded by Rizal simply to bring together the young Filipinos in the French
capital so that the could enjoy their sojourn in the city during the duration
of the Universal Exposition.
● Thus he told Blumentritt in a letter dated March 18,1888:
● "To day we have formed a Kidlat Club. Kidlat in Tagalog means "lightning"
and for the same reasons this club will last only during the Exposition. We
have thought of it and formed it in one hour. It will disappear also like
lightning."
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 Indios Bravos
● Rizal and the members of the Kidlat Club were amazed to see the
Buffalo Bull show which featured the American Indians. These red-
skinned Indians were proudly riding their sturdy ponies, elegantly
dressed in their native attire and wearing their war feathers and
paints.
● Rizal was enchanted by the dignified and proud bearing of the
American Indians. He told his friends; "Why should we resent being
called Indios by the Spaniards? Look at those Indios from North
America — they are not ashamed of their name. Let us be like
them. Let us be proud of the name Indio and make our Spanish
enemies revise their conception of the term. We shall be Indios
Bravos!"
● Thus was born a new society of Filipino patriots in Paris — the Indios
Bravos (Brave Indians). It replaced the ephemeral Kidlat Club.

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 R.D.I.M. Society
● Another society founded by Rizal in Paris.
● Of the numerous letters written by Rizal and his fellow
propagandists, only two mentioned that secret society, as follows:
1. Rizal’s letter to Jose maria basa, Paris, September 21 1889
2. Rizal’s letter to Marcelo H. del pilar, Paris, November 4, 1889.
● According to Dr. Leoncio Lopez-Rizal, grandnephew of the hero,
the society has a symbol or countersign represented by a circle
divided into three parts by two semi- circles having in the center
the interlocked letters I and B meaning Indios Bravos, and the
letter R.D.L.M placed outside and upper, lower, left and right
beside the circle “The letters R.D.L.M are believed to be initials of
the society’s secret name Redencion de los Malayos
(Redemption of the Malays).
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Annotated Edition of Morga
●
Published
Rizal’s outstanding achievement in Paris was the publication in
1890 of his annotated edition of Morga’s Sucesos, which he
wrote in the British Museum. It was printed by Garnier Freres.
The Prologue was written by Professor Blumentritt, upon the
request of Rizal.
● In his Prologue, Blumentritt, commended Rizal for his fine
historical scholarship, but frankly censured Rizal for two things
which revealed Rizal’s errors, namely (1) commits the error of
many historians in appraising the events of the past in light of
present standards and (2) Rizal’s attacks on the Church were
unfair and unjustified because the abuses of the friars should
not be construed to mean that Catholicism is bad.

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 Rizal as Historian
● The Philippines Within a Century.
● The Indolence of the Filipinos.
● International Association of Filipinologists.
Articles published in La
1.
Solidaridad
“A La Defensa”(To La Defensa)
2. “La Verdad Para Todos” (The Truth For All)
3. “VIcente Barrantes’ Teatro Tagalo”
4. “Una Profanacion” (A Profanation)
5. “Verdades Nuevas” (New Truths)
6. “Crueldad” (Cruelty)
7. “Diferencias” (Differences)
8. Inconsequences” (Inconsequences)
9. “Llanto y Risas” (Tears and Laughter)
10. “Ingratitudes” (Ingratitude) 35
 Rizal-Del Pilar Rivalry
● Toward the closing days of 1890, there rose an
unfortunate rivalry between Rizal and M.H. el Pilar for
supremacy. a
○ Rizal, the most talented Filipino of his time, was until
then the undisputed leader of the Filipinos in Europe.
○ Del Pilar, the fearless lawyer, journalist, was gaining
prestige in Madrid for his vigorous editorials in La
Solidaridad, which he came to own.
● Rizal Abdicates His Leadership. The election took place
during the first week of February, 1891.
● Retirement from the Propaganda Movement. Rizal
stopped writing for La Solidaridad.

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Circulo Hispano
Filipino

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Masonry

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Masonry

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Masonry

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Asociacion Hispano-
Filipina

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 La Liga
Filipina
(Philippine
League)
“Unus Instar Omnium” (One like
All)

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 End of Propaganda
Movement
✘ After Rizal’s death and La Liga Filipina’s
collapse in November 15, 1895
✘ Death’s of del Pilar and Lopez Jaena in
1896
✘ La Solidaridad going out of business in
November 1895
✘ LOS COMPROMISARIOS
✗ sent funds to de Pilar in Madrid for La
Solidaridad
✗ Sooner there was a lack of funds
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 Conclusion
✘ The Propaganda Movement failed, but the ideas
of freedom and justice which it sowed paved the
ground for the Philippine Revolution that the
Katipunan and Andres Bonifacio began in the
hills of Balintawak in August 1896.

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 References
● https://www.slideshare.net/dharkangel18/propaganda-movement-45731500
● http://countrystudies.us/philippines/10.htm
● https://www.britannica.com/topic/Propaganda-Movement
● https://www.ide.go.jp/library/English/Publish/Periodicals/De/pdf/68_02_03.pdf
● http://www.joserizal.ph/pr01.html
● https://www.wikiwand.com/en/La_solidaridad
● https://www.slideshare.net/dharkangel18/propaganda-movement-45731500
● https://www.slideshare.net/vikya/propaganda-movement-in-philippine-history
● https://www.slideshare.net/vikya/propaganda-movement-in-philippine-history

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