CONSTRUCTION

MATERIALS
AND
TESTING
DIFFERENT CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
1. Cement – binding agent (hydraulic)
Types of Cement
1. Type 1 is ordinary Portland cement (OPC), which is a general-use material.

2. Type 2 has moderate sulfate resistance, and its MH variant is moderately

resistant to heat of hydration. It’s used in structures that will come into contact
with sulfate in water or soil.

3. Type 3 cement is an extra rapid hardening cement. Most concrete takes about
a month to get to its full strength after it is poured; this cement becomes harder
more quickly.

4. Type 4 is a low heat cement that radiates less warmth as it sets and dries. It’s
used for applications where too much heat is undesirable.

5. Type 5 cement is highly sulfate resistant, used for contact with high alkaline
soil and water.
2. Aggregates ( fine & course)

Fine Aggregates ( Sand) Course Aggregate ( Gravel)

1.Course Aggregate – the portion of aggregate retained at no.4
( 4.76 mm ) sieve usually comes from natural gravel deposits
or crushed rocks, stone or boulder.

Maximum size of course aggregate:

1. one-fifth the narrowest dimension between sides of forms

2. one-third the depth of slabs

3. three-fourths the minimum specified clear spacing between

individual reinforcing bars or wires, bundles of bars, prestressed
reinforcement, individual tendons, bundled tendons, or ducts
2. Fine Aggregate – generally the product of
natural disintegration of silica bearing or calcium
bearing rocks.
Fine aggregates or sand are those that passes
through the No.4 sieve and retained at the No.200
(74 micron) sieve.
3. Steel ( RSB – Reinforcing Steel Bars)
- The most common widely used reinforcing material for most
construction of various structures. It is considered as an excellent
partner to concrete in resisting both compression and tension.