Component Identification: Analog

PLTW Engineering

Digital Electronics
Activity 1.1.4 Analog Component Identification

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 Component Identification
Presentation overview:
Introduce common components used in electronics
Define a resistor and present various resistor types and
package styles
Demonstrate how to read a resistor’s nominal value and
how to measure its actual value with a Digital Multi-Meter
(DMM)
Define a capacitor and present various capacitor types and
package styles
Demonstrate how to read a capacitor’s nominal value

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 Resistor
A resistor is an electronic component that resists the flow of
electrical current
A resistor is typically used to control the amount of current
that is flowing in a circuit
Resistance is measured in units of ohms (Ω) and named after
George Ohm, whose law (Ohm’s Law) defines the
fundamental relationship between voltage, current, and
resistance

Schematic Symbol Physical Component

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 Resistor Types and Package Styles
Carbon Film Resistor with 4 Bands Variable Resistor (Potentiometer)

Carbon Film Resistor with 5 Bands Surface Mount Resistor

5 Bands

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 Resistor Size Comparison

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 Determining Resistor Value
Color Code Measured Value
Resistors are labeled with A Digital Multimeter
color bands that specify DMM can be used to
the resistor nominal value measure the resistor
The nominal value is the actual value
resistor face value

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 Resistor Value as a Color Code

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 Resistor Value Example 1
Determine the nominal value
for the resistor shown

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 Resistor Value Example 1 Solution
Determine the nominal value
for the resistor shown
Show the value of each
color band in order
Band 1 (brown) = 1
Band 2 (blue) = 0
Band 3 (red) = x100
Tolerance (yellow) = 5%
Combined = 10 x100Ω
Combined = 1000Ω
Combined = 1kΩ 5%

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 Resistor Value Example 2
Determine the nominal value
for the resistor shown

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 Resistor Value Example 2 Solution
Determine the nominal value
for the resistor shown
Show the value of each
color band in order
Band 1 = 3
Band 2 = 9
Band 3 = x100k
Tolerance = 5%
Combined = 39 x100kΩ
Combined = 3900kΩ
Combined = 3.9MΩ 5%

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 Resistor Value Example 3
? ? ? ?
Determine the color bands for
a 1.5 kΩ ±5% resistor

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 Resistor Value Example 3 Solution
? ? ? ?
Determine the color bands for
a 1.5 kΩ ±5% resistor
Show the value of each
color band in order
Band 1 = 1 (brown)
Band 2 = 5 (green)
Band 3 = x100 (red)
Combined = 15 x100Ω
Combined = 1.5kΩ 5%
(brown-green-red and
yellow)

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 Resistor as a Measured Value
A Digital Multimeter (DMM)
can measure resistance

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 Capacitor
A capacitor is an electronic component that can be used to
store an electrical charge.
Capacitors are often used in electronic circuits as temporary
energy-storage devices.
Capacitance is measured in units of farads (F) and named after
Michael Faraday, a British chemist and physicist who
contributed significantly to the study of electromagnetism.

Schematic Symbol Physical Component

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 Capacitor Types and Package Styles
Mylar / Tantalum
Ceramic Disc Capacitors Monolithic Ceramic

Electrolytic Capacitors (Radial Lead) Electrolytic Capacitors (Axial Lead)

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 Capacitor Types and Package Styles
Surface Mount
Tantalum Capacitors Size Comparison

Surface Mount
Ceramic Capacitors

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 Capacitor Value Interpretation

Electrolytic Capacitor
10 F ± 20%

0.47 F ±20%

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 Capacitor Value Interpretation

Disc Capacitors Code Tolerance

A ±0.05%
4 7 2 K B ±0.1%
C ±0.25%
D ±0.5%
F ±1%
First Digit Second Digit Third Digit Fourth Digit
G ±2%
First Figure Second Figure # of Zeros Tolerance
J ±5%

4 7 00 K K ±10%
M or NONE
±20%
4700 pF 10%
N ±30%
More commonly expressed as
Q −10%, +30%
0.0047 F 10% S −20%, +50%
Note: Units on Disc Capacitors are always expressed as pico-farads. T −10%, +50%
There is no absolute rule for what determines which units to use to state the value of a capacitor.
Generally capacitor values are expressed as micro-Farads (µF) and pico-Farads (pF). In general, express Z −20%, +80%
the value as µF or pF to minimize the number of digits greater than 1.

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 Capacitor Example 1
Determine the nominal value
for the capacitor shown
20
Code Tolerance
A ±0.05%
B ±0.1%
C ±0.25%
D ±0.5%
F ±1%
G ±2%
J ±5%
K ±10%
M or NONE
±20%
N ±30%
Q −10%, +30%
S −20%, +50%
T −10%, +50%
Z −20%, +80%
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 Capacitor Example 1 Solution
Determine the nominal value Code Tolerance
for the capacitor shown A ±0.05%

Digit 1 = 3 B ±0.1%
C ±0.25%
Digit 2 = 3 D ±0.5%
Digit 3 = 1 (1 zero) F ±1%

Tolerance (J) = 5% G

J
±2%
±5%
Combined K ±10%

330 pF 5% M or NONE

±20%
N ±30%
Q −10%, +30%
S −20%, +50%
T −10%, +50%
Z −20%, +80%

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 Capacitor Example 1 Solution
Determine the nominal value Code Tolerance
for the capacitor shown A ±0.05%

Digit 1 = 1 B ±0.1%
C ±0.25%
Digit 2 = 0 D ±0.5%
Digit 3 = 3 (3 zeros) F ±1%

Tolerance (K) = 10% G

J
±2%
±5%
Combined K ±10%

10000 pF 10% M or NONE

±20%

Minimize the number of N

Q
±30%
−10%, +30%
digits greater than 1 S −20%, +50%
0.01 F 10% T −10%, +50%
Z −20%, +80%

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 Electronic Display Components

Seven Segment Display Light Emitting Diodes (LED)

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 Electronic Miscellaneous Components

Fuse

Diode

Voltage Regulator

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