Matter Week #1

International Relations
Presented by Patrick Steven
 INTERNATIONAL
RELATIONS
commonly also referred to as
international studies (IS), global
studies (GS), or global affairs
(GA)

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o the study of politics, economics
and law on a global level.
o It focuses on the relationships
between political entities.

SOVEREIGN STATES
- a political entity that is
represented by one  established by a treaty or
centralized government
 that has sovereignty over a
geographic area.
POLITICAL ENTITIES
What are the different types of political entities?
IGOs NGOs
- an organization - Independent of
government involvement
other instrument governed - a subgroup of
by international law and organizations founded by
possessing its own citizens, which include
international legal clubs and associations
personality which provide services to
its members and others.
 SOVEREIGN STATE
What must states possess?

LAND A territory which a state owns GOVERNMENT the system or group of

or rules over people governing a state

PEOPLE The individual members of a INTERNATIONAL When the state is

particular state RECOGNITION acknowledged by other
sovereign states
 WHY ARE LAND, PEOPLE, GOVERNMENT & RECOGNITION
NECESSARY FOR A STATE TO EXIST?

• With the • Sovereignty is the full • International law has

acquirement of legal
personality, comes
privileges and
responsibilities for
the state.
right and power of a stated that any so-
governing body over called state which
itself does not possess
one of the four
criterions can be
directly intervened.

To Achieve a Legal To Seal Sovereignty To Avoid Direct

Personality Intervention
THE CONCEPT OF
NATIONAL INTEREST
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o also called “reason of state”
o a rationality of governing relating to a
sovereign state's goals and ambitions,
be they economic, military, cultural, or
otherwise.
o it justifies the preservation of a nation’s
own interest at the expense of others.
 PRAGMATISM IN IR
• The theory that international affairs
problems should be met with practical Click icon to add picture
solutions rather than ideological ones.
• The pursuit of practicality over aesthetic
qualities; a concentration on facts rather
than emotions, ideals, or unrealistic visions.
when the war becomes a
last resort
War = Final Option
War is only justifiable as a means for WAR
achieving something when all else
has failed.
When are states
justified in going
War = Greater Good
when the war is just When the war occurs, it must not be to war?
meant to punish or capture things,
including humans, and innocent lives
must not be put in danger

when the states agree to Jus in belo

submit to the ethical the use of nuclear weapons, chemical
conduct of war weapons, biological weapons, and
human shields are off-limits

following the war, Jus post belum

involved states must The chaos that erupts once a war
commit to reestablishing begins must be ended by the very
justice and order states that started it.
WAR
Actors or Actions which
may be involved in wars Humanitarian Humanitarian
Law Intervension Mercenaries
to protect people when a state private contractors,
that are not involved interveres a utilized by the US in
in said war, such as sovereign Iraq and Afghanistan,
civilians, the press, government for its usually in order to
medic, women and failure in fulfilling its cover up the true
children duty to protect the identity of the actor
citizens committing the war
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International
Organizations
THE UN
The United Nations

is an intergovernmental organization Click icon to add picture

that aims to maintain international
peace and security, develop friendly
relations among nations, achieve
international cooperation, and be a
centre for harmonizing the actions of
nations.
NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization
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an intergovernmental military alliance
between 30 North American and
European countries. The organization
implements the North Atlantic Treaty
that was signed on 4 April 1949.
ICC
The International Criminal Court
an intergovernmental organization and Click icon to add picture
international tribunal that sits in The
Hague, with jurisdiction to prosecute
individuals for the international crimes
of genocide, crimes against humanity,
war crimes, and the crime of
aggression.
ICJ
The International Court of Justice
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is one of the six principal organs of the
United Nations (UN) which settles
disputes between states in accordance
with international law and gives
advisory opinions on international legal
issues.
 REGIONAL
ORGANIZATIONS
international organizations
(IOs), whose membership
is characterized by
boundaries and
demarcations
characteristic to a defined o a continental union
and unique geography,
such as continents, or
geopolitics, such as
economic blocs.
o a political and economic
AU
The African Union
consisting of 55 member
states located on the
continent of Africa, which
was announced in the Sirte
Declaration in Sirte, Libya,
on 9 September 1999
EU
The European Union
union of 27 member states
that are located primarily in
Europe which was
established when the
Maastricht Treaty came into
force in 1993.
ASEAN
The Association of
Southeast Asian Nations
o a regional
intergovernmental
organization comprising
ten countries in Southeast
Asia, which was created on
8 August 1967, when the
foreign ministers of five
countries: Indonesia,
Malaysia, the Philippines,
Singapore, and Thailand,
signed the ASEAN
Declaration.
REAL WORLD
CASES
Pertaining to Issues in IR
ISRAEL-PALESTINE
One of the world’s longest-running and
most controversial conflicts
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a conflict between two self-
determination movements — the
Jewish Zionist project and the
Palestinian nationalist project — that
lay claim to the same territory
SYRIAN CIVIL WAR
an ongoing armed conflict in Syria
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The Ba'ath government is fighting
against people who want to remove
this government. The conflict began on
15 March 2011, with demonstrations.
BREXIT
a portmanteau of "British" and "exit"
is the withdrawal of the United Click icon to add picture
Kingdom (UK) from the European
Union (EU), which was advocated by
hard Eurosceptics and opposed by
pro-Europeanists and soft Eurosceptics,
with both sides of the argument
spanning the political spectrum.
THANK YOU
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