Kirchhof's Law

PRESENTED BY
             
NAME: MD MAMUN HOSSAIN
ID: 212002081
SECTION: 212 D1
D E PA RT M E N T O F C S E
GREEN UNIVERSITY OF
BANGLADESH 
PRESENTED TO
NAME: MS ISRAT JAHAN
LECTURER
DEPARTMENT OF EEE
GREEN UNIVERSITY OF BANGLADESH
 GUSTAV
ROBERT
KIRCHHOFF
(1824-1887) 
 Kirchhoff's First Law –
The Current Law(KCL)
• Kirchhoff's Current Law or KCL, is one of
the fundamental laws used for circuit
analysis. His current law states that for a
parallel path the total current entering a
circuits junction is exactly equal to the
total current leaving the same junction.
This is because it has no other place to go
as no charge is lost.
• In other words the algebraic sum of  ALL
the currents entering and leaving a junction
must be equal to zero as: Σ IIN = Σ IOUT.
 Kirchhoff's current law
Kirchhoff’s Current Law or KCL, states that the “total
current or charge entering a junction or node is exactly
equal to the charge leaving the node as it has no other
place to go except to leave, as no charge is lost within
the node“. In other words, the algebraic sum of ALL
the currents entering and leaving a node must be equal
to zero, I(exiting) + I(entering) = 0. This idea by
Kirchhoff is commonly known as the Conservation of
Charge.
Explanation: Suppose at point 0 in a circuit five
currents i1, i2, i3, i4 and i5 of 1 different direction have
met [Figure].
Kirchhoff's Second Law - The Voltage Law
(KVL)
states that in any complete loop within a circuit, the sum of all voltages across
components which supply electrical energy (such as cells or generators) must equal
the sum of all voltages across the other components in the same loop. This law is a
consequence of both charge conservation and the conservation of energy.

Starting at any point in the loop continue in the same direction noting the direction
of all the voltage drops, either positive or negative, and returning back to the same
starting point. It is important to maintain the same direction either clockwise or anti-
clockwise or the final voltage sum will not be equal to zero. We can use Kirchhoff’s
voltage law when analysing series circuits.

When analysing either DC circuits or AC circuits using Kirchhoffs Circuit Laws a

number of definitions and terminologies are used to describe the parts of the circuit
being analysed such as: node, paths, branches, loops and meshes. These terms are
used frequently in circuit analysis so it is important to understand them.
Conclusion

• By knowing and using Kirchhoff's Laws we

can simplify our calculations and reduce more
amount of mathematics in solving for circuits.