THE ENVIRONMENT

(PROTECTION) ACT
1986
 SUBMITTED TO :
PROF. DR.
ANSHUMAN
(PROFESSOR OF ENVIRONMENAL
STUDIES)

SUBMITTED BY :
SANIA ZAID KHAN AYUSH MADEEHA SHADAB
BATRA
BCP21208 BCP21209 AGARWAL
BCP21210 BCP21211

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 CONTENT
• INTRODUCTION
• OBJECTIVES
• DEFINITIONS
• SOURCES & CAUSES FOR THE POLLUTION
• STATE BOARD
• CENTRAL BOARD
• OFFICERS
• POWERS OF THE CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
• RULES TO REGULATE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
• PREVENTION, CONTROL, AND ABATEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL
POLLUTION
• ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORIES & THEIR FUNCTIONS
• PENALTY
• CONCLUSION
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• REFERENCES
INTRODUCTION
The Environment (Protection) Act 1978 aims to
provide protection and improvement of
environment and formatters connected there with.
Whereas the decisions were taken at the United
Nations Conference on the Human Environment
held at Stockholm in June, 1972, in which India
participated, to take appropriate steps for the
protection and improvement of human
environment.
The Environment (Protection) Act 1986 was
introduced after the Bhopal gas tragedy during
Rajiv Gandhi was the Prime Minister of our
country.
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 OBJECTIVE
• To protect the forests and wildlife in the country.
• To improve the quality of life by protection of environment.
• To co-ordinate the activities of the various regulatory agencies already in
existence.
• To appoint environment officers to check environmental pollution.
• Establishing environmental laboratories.

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 DEFINITIONS
ENVIRONMENT
Environment includes water, air and land and the inter relationship which exists between water, air
and land and human being, other living creatures, plants, micro organisms and property.

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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS
It means any solid, liquid or gaseous substance present in such concentration as it may
be injurious to environment.

HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE
It means any substance or preparation which, by reason of its chemical or physico-
chemical properties or handling, is liable to cause harm to human beings, other living
creatures, plant, micro-organism, property or the environment.

ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION
It means the presence of any environmental pollutant in the environment. It includes all
extraneous materials that are harmful to human beings, animals and plants life.

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 SOURCES & CAUSES FOR THE
POLLUTION
• Combustion
• Construction
• Mining
• Agriculture
• Chemical plants
• Coal-fired power plants
• Oil refineries
• Petrochemical plants, Nuclear waste
• Large livestock farms (dairy cows, pigs, poultry, etc.)
• PVC factories
• Plastics factories & heavy industries
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STATE BOARD
• Chairman

• Representative of the State Govt. (not exceeding 5)

• Representative of local bodies (not exceeding 5)

• Representative of companies or corporations owned,

controlled or managed by the State Govt. (2)

• Representative have interests of agriculture, fishery or

industry or trade etc. (not exceeding 3)

• Member Secretary
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CENTRAL
BOARD
• Chairman

• Representative of the State Govt. (not exceeding 5)

• Representative of local bodies (not exceeding 5)

• Representative of companies or corporations owned,

controlled or managed by the State Govt. (2)

• Representative have interests of agriculture, fishery or

industry or trade etc. (not exceeding 3)

• Member Secretary
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 OFFICERS
Central Government may appoint officers with such designation as it thinks fit for the purposes of this
Act and may entrust to them such of the powers and functions under this Act as it may deem fit.

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POWERS OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT

• Laying down standards for the quality of environment in its various aspects.
• Planning and execution of a nation-wide programme for the prevention,
control and abatement of environmental pollution.
• Laying down standards for emission or discharge of environmental pollutants
from various sources.
• Restriction of areas.
• Laying down procedures and safeguards for the handling of hazardous
substances.
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• Examination of such manufacturing processes, materials and substances which
are likely to cause environmental pollution.

• Inspection of any premises, plant, equipment, machinery, manufacturing or other

processes, materials or substances.

• Establishment or recognition of environmental laboratories and institutes.

• Collection and dissemination of information in respect of matters relating to

environmental pollution.

• Preparation of manuals or guides relating to the prevention, control and

abatement of environmental pollution.

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RULES TO REGULATE ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION

The Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, make

rules in respect of all or any of the matters referred to in section 3.

• The standards of quality of air, water or soil for various areas and purposes.
• The maximum allowable limits of concentration of variousenvironmental
pollutants (including noise) for different areas.

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• The procedures and safeguards for the handling of hazardous
substances.

• The prohibition and restrictions on the handling of hazardous

substances in different areas.

• The prohibition and restriction on the location of industries and the

carrying on process and operations in different areas.

• The procedures and safeguards for the prevention of accidents which

may cause environmental pollution and for providing for remedial
measures for such accidents

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PREVENTION, CONTROL, AND ABATEMENT OF
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
• Persons carrying on industry operation, etc., not to allow emission or
discharge of environmental pollutants in excess of the standards.
• Persons handling hazardous substances to comply with procedural safeguards
• Furnishing of information to authorities and agencies in certain cases
• Powers of entry and inspection
• Power to take sample and procedure to be followed in connection there with
• Environmental laboratories

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 ENVIRONMENTAL
LABORATORIES
• Central Laboratory, Maharashtra Pollution Control Broad, CIDCO
Bhawan, 5 Floor, South Wing, Belapur -C.B.D. Navi Mumbai - 400 614.

• Central Laboratory, Maharashtra Pollution Control Board, Army & Navy

Building, Ground Floor, 148, M.G.Road, Fort, Mumbai - 400 023.

• Environmental Survey Laboratory, Nuclear Power Corporation, Tarapur

Atomic Power Station, P.O. TAPP. District Thane - 401 504

• Environmental Survey Laboratory, Health Physics Division, Bhabha

Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai - 400 085.•

• Chemical Laboratory, Indian Beauro of Mines, Ore Dressing Division,

New Secretariat Building, Civil Lines, Nagpur - 440 001
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 • Post-graduate in science or a graduate in
engineering or a graduate in medicine or
QUALIFICATIONS OF equivalent with two year's experience in a
laboratory engaged in environmental
GOVERNMENT ANALYST investigations, testing or analysis.
• Post-graduate in environmental science from a
• Graduate in science from a recognized university recognized university with two year's
with five year’s experience in a laboratory engaged experience in a laboratory engaged in
in environmental investigations, testing or analysis environmental investigations, testing or
analysis.

ADD A FOOTER 18
 FUNCTIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL
LABORATORIES
• To evolve standardized methods for sampling and analysis of various types of
environmental pollutants.
• To analyze samples sent by the Central Government or the officers empowered under
sub-section (1) of section 11.
• To carry out such investigations as may be directed by the Central Government to lay
down standards for the quality of environment and discharge of environmental
pollutants, to monitor and to enforce the standards laid down.
• To send periodical reports regarding its activities to the Central Government.
• To carry out such other functions as may be entrusted to it by the Central Government
from time to time.
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 PENALTY
• Whoever fails to comply with or contravenes any of the provisions of this Act, or the
rules made or orders or directions issued thereunder, shall, in respect of each such
failure or contravention, be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may
extend to five years with fine which may extend to one lakh rupees, or with both, and
in case the failure or contravention continues, with additional fine which may extend
to five thousand rupees for every day during which such failure or contravention
continues after the conviction for the first such failure or contravention.
• If the failure or contravention referred to in sub-section (1) continues beyond a period
of one year after the date of conviction, the offender shall be punishable with
imprisonment for a term which may extend to seven years.

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 OFFENCES BY COMPANIES

• Where any offence under this Act has been committed by a company, every person who, at the time the offence was
committed, was directly in charge of, and was responsible to, the company for the conduct of the business of the company,
as well as the company, shall be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished
accordingly.

• Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), where an offence under this Act has been committed by a company
and it is proved that the offence has been committed with the consent or connivance of, or is attributable to any neglect on
the part of, any director, manager, secretary or other officer of the company, such director, manager, secretary or other
officer shall also deemed to be guilty of that offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.

OFFENCES BY GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS

• Where an offence under this Act has been committed by any Department of Government, the Head of the Department shall
be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.

• Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), where an offence under this Act has been committed by a
Department of Government and it is proved that the offence has been committed with the consent or connivance of, or is
attributable to any neglect on the part of, any officer, other than the Head of the Department, such officer shall also be
deemed to be guilty of that offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.

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 CONCLUSION
If we think right now we can minimize the pollution....
While you are thinking about yourself, think about our environment and GO GREEN
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 REFERENCES
• Ahirrao WR, Alizad SS, Dhapte CS, Environmental science, Pune:Nirali
prakashan, Fourth edition, Jully 2001, p217-283.

• Pawar K R. A textbook of Environmental awareness, Nashik: Nirali

prakashan, Second edition, January, 2005, p6.2-6.17.

• http://saferenvironment.files.wordpress.com24.

• http://himachal.nic.in/environment/notifications/
The_environment(protection) act

• http://www.cpcb.nic.in

• http://www.mpcb.mah.nic.in

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THANK YOU!