Layers of heart

Content…
Pericardium

Heart wall

Common heart layer disease

Emergency to see a physician

Reference

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 Learning objectives

At the end of this lesson, we will be able to know-

• the different layers of heart with their function

• disease that commonly occurs in heart layers

• when a person should consult with a physician

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 Heart layer

 Covering layer of heart

 Internal layer of heart

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 Covering layer of heart

Pericardium is a double layer membrane that encircle the

heart and consisting of an outer layer fibrous layer and an
inner double layer of serous membrane.

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Pericardium

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 Function of pericardium

Keeps the heart contained in the thoracic cavity

Prevents over-expanding of heart when blood volume increases

Acts as a shock absorber with the help of the fluid filled sac

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 Internal layer of heart

Also called heart wall consists of three distinct layers:

1.Epicardium

2.Myocardium

3.Endocardium

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Heart wall

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 Epicardium

Made up of single layer of flat epithelial cells and connective

tissues

Gives a smooth, slippery texture to the outermost surface of

the heart

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 Myocardium
Made up of cardiac muscle fibers

Responsible for pumping action of heart

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 Endocardium

Made up of a single layer of fat epithelial cells

Provides a smooth lining for the chambers of the heart.

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Common disease of heart layer


Pericardial effusion


Acute pericarditis


Constrictive pericarditis


Endocarditis


Myocarditis
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Emergency to see a physician

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Reference

• Ross, M. H., Pawlina, W. (2011). Histology (6th ed.). Philadelphia,

PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

• Mescher, A. L. (2013). Junqueira’s Basic Histology (13th ed.). New

York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.

• Kumar, V., Abbas, A. K., Aster, J. C. (2018). Robbins Basic Pathology

(9th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders.
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