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Anatomy and physiology of Cardiovascular system

The circulatory system is also known cardiovascular system, where cardio or cardi is
refers to the heart which pumps blood, and the vascular is refers to the blood vessels
which carry blood to the body and return it back to the heart again. The heart sits on the
top of the diaphragm, which is the main muscle that helps with breathing, behind the
sternum, or breastbone in front of the vertebral column, squished in between the two
lungs, and protected by the ribs. The heart in the inside a sac of fluid that has two walls,
called the serous pericardium. The outer layer is called the parietal layer. It gets stuck
tightly to another layer called the fibrous pericardium, which is made of tough, dense
connective tissue, which holds the heart in place and prevents it from overfilling with
blood. The inner layer is called the visceral layer, and it gets stuck tightly to the heart
itself, forming the epicardium, or the outer layer of the heart. The cells of the serous
pericardium, both the parietal and visceral layer, secrete a protein-rich fluid that fills the
space between those layers and serves as a lubricant for the heart, allowing it to move
around a bit with each heartbeat without feeling too much friction. In the outside to the
inside of the heart, after the epicardium, there’s the myocardium, which is the muscular
middle layer. This forms the bulk of the heart tissue because those cardiac muscle cells
contract and pump blood. In addition to cardiac muscle cells, there are crisscrossing
connective tissue fibers, which are made of collagen, that together form the fibrous
cardiac skeleton, which helps supports the muscle tissue. The myocardium also has
dedicated blood vessels - called coronary vessels - which lay on the outside of the heart
and then penetrate into the myocardium to bring blood to that layer because it needs a
lot of energy to pump blood. Finally, there’s the innermost layer of the heart, called the
endocardium, which is made of a relatively thin layer of endothelium, which is the same
layer of cells that line the blood vessels. This endocardium lines the heart chambers
and heart valves.
Outline the conduction system of the heart. (prepare a diagram)

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