LESSON 2B

SIMPLE TECHNIQUES OF
INTEGRATION (cont)
E. Substitution Involving Hyperbolic Functions

Review of some differentiation formulas

a) arcsin u

b) arccos u -
c) arctan u

d) sinh u cosh u
e) cosh u sinh u

f) tanh u

g) arcsinh u

h) arccosh u

i) arctanh u
Problems

1. dx
=
Solution
From arcsinh u =
Let x = sinh u
dx = cosh u du

Substituting the new variable

= cosh u du
From trigonometric identitiesu + 1 = , therefore
= =

= u + C

but u = = Arcsinh x

=
Arcsinh x + C
2. dx

Solution
From Arccosh u =

let x = cosh u
dx = sinh u du

Substitute the new variable

but = u
 =

= u + C but u = = Arccosh x

= Arccosh x + C
3.
Solution
From Arctanh u =

Let x = tanh u
dx =

but =

= u + C

=
Arctanh x + C
4. dx

Solution
Let x = 2sinh u
dx = 2cosh udu

= but 4( sin = 4

=
= =

= u + C but u = = Arcsinh

=
Arcsinh + C
5.

Solution
Let x = 5 tanh u
dx =

= but 25(1 - tanh2 u ) = 25 sech2 u

=
 = + C but u = = Arctanh

= + C

6. =

Solution
Let x = 3 sinh u
dx = 3cosh udu

= but 9( ) = 9
=

= but u = = Arcsinh
=
𝟏 𝐱
𝐀𝐫𝐜𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐡 +𝐂
√𝟑 𝟑
F. Integration of Product of Sine and Cosine

From trigonometry of sum and difference identity

sin (x + y) = sin x cos y + cos x sin y

sin (x - y) = sin x cos y - cos x sin y
sin (x + y) + sin (x - y) = 2sin x cos y

sin x cos y = sin (x + y) + sin (x - y) ]

sin (x + y) = sin x cos y + cos x sin y

( - ) sin (x - y) = - sin x cos y + cos x sin y
sin (x + y) - sin (x - y) = 2 cos x sin y

cos x sin y = sin (x + y) - sin (x - y) ]

 cos (x + y) = cos x cos y - sin x sin y
cos (x - y) = cos x cos y + sin x sin y
cos (x + y) + cos (x - y) = 2 cos x cos y

cos x cos y = cos (x + y) + cos (x - y) ]

cos (x + y) = cos x cos y - sin x sin y

( - ) cos (x - y) = - cos x cos y - sin x sin y
cos (x + y) - cos (x - y) = - 2 sin x sin y

sinx sin y = - cos (x + y) - cos (x - y) ]

sin x sin y = cos (x - y) - cos (x + y) ]

CASE I : du

Problems

1.

Solution

let u = = u+v= + =

v= = u-v = - =-
Substitute in the solution equation

= ]

= cos cos + C

=
𝟓 𝟑𝟏 𝐱 𝟓 𝟏𝟗 𝐱
− 𝐜𝐨𝐬 − 𝐜𝐨𝐬 +𝐂
𝟑𝟏 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟗 𝟏𝟎
2. =

Solution

let u = = u+v= =

v= = u-v= =

Substituting

=
 = + C

= + C

=
𝟔 𝟐𝟑𝛑 𝐱 𝟔 𝟕𝛑 𝐱
− 𝐜𝐨𝐬 − 𝐜𝐨𝐬 +𝐂
𝟐𝟑𝛑 𝟏𝟐 𝟕𝛑 𝟏𝟐
CASE II : =
Problems

1.

Solution

let u = u+v= =
v=
u-v=
=
Substitute

Let u = 12x - let u = 2x - 4

du = 12dx du = 2dx
= dx = dx

= sin u - sin u + C
 𝟏 𝟏
− 𝐜𝐨𝐬(𝟏𝟐 𝐱 − 𝛑) − 𝐜𝐨𝐬 (𝟐 𝐱 −𝛑)+ 𝐂
𝟐𝟒 𝟒
=

2.

Solution

let u = = u+v= =

v= = u-v= =
=

=
𝟐𝟏 𝟐𝟔 𝐱 𝟐𝟏 𝟐𝐱
𝐬𝐢𝐧 + 𝐬𝐢𝐧 +𝐂
𝟓𝟐 𝟐𝟏 𝟒 𝟐𝟏