LANGUAGE DESCRIPTION

MOHD HAKIMI BIN ABDUL

MULALEK NURUL SYUHADA BT ZOLKEPPLEY FATIN AMIRAH BT MOHD HANAPIAH SYAFIQAH AMIRA BT AHMAD BAKHARI

FINITE CLAUSES

 There are basically three form can function as definite verbs.

Make a complete sense of the verb Give a definite time reference

 A habitual action Eg: I drink coffee in the morning. Regular occurrence Eg: The shop opens at 9 o clock. An action happened in the past. Eg: He gave me hundred dollar.

 For future tense, Present simple or present continuous form can gives future time reference. Eg: - The inspector visits our school next Monday.
-I am going to Langkawi tomorrow.

NON-FINITE CLAUSES

INFINITIVE
Infinitive is a non-finite form.
Formed with to word.

Some infinitive without to word.

NOUN-LIKE FUNCTIONS OF INFINITIVES

As a subject of the verb in a sentence. Eg: To learn English is easy. As the object of the verb in the sentence Eg: She refused to accept the gift.

 As a complement of the verb in a sentences Eg: His only aim is to get a distinction. In apposition with anticipatory it Eg: It is divine to forgive.

OTHER FUNCTION OF INFINITIVES

To express purpose Eg: I went to the market to buy vegetables. Adjective + Infinitive Eg: Grammar is interesting to learn.

 Noun or Pronoun + Infinitive

Eg: My father my sister to do her homework.

Too

to Infinitive

Eg: The table is too heavy to lift.

time + Infinitive
Eg: It is the time to stop the motor.

INFINITIVE WITH TO
Eg: - I want to go to London. - They began to learn Hindi. - He stopped to look at the poster. - Jimmy likes to learn grammar.

INFINITIVE WITHOUT TO
Certain verb take only infinitive without to which are plain infinitive and bare infinitive. Eg: They let her go anywhere. Same verbs in the passive form would take infinitive with to Eg: The child was seem to cross the road.

 The modal auxiliaries take only plain infinitive. ( will, shall, can, may ) Eg: - I will do it now. - It may rain this evening. - He can speak French.

INFINITIVE REPRESENTED BY TO ONLY

Eg:

- It is very difficult for me to live with her. But I have to. - She actually doesn t love him. But she pretends to.

PASSIVE INFINITIVE
The transitive verbs in the finite form have two voice forms. 1. Active infinitive 2. Passive infinitive Eg: I remember to post the letter. (active) I remember the letter to be posted.(passive)

PERFECT INFINITIVE
Infinitive form is made up of to + have + past participle . Refers to a past action. Eg: - She was never expected to have loved and lost. - He supposed to have finished the work yesterday itself.

INFINITIVE AND TIME REFERENCE

A particular infinitive gives different time reference depending on the main verb. 1. 2. 3. 4. I am happy to meet her.(present time) I was happy to meet her.(past time) I want to meet her.(future time in present) I wanted to met her.(future time in the past)

PRESENT PARTICIPLE ( ing FORM)

This non finite verb form has different functions of -ing form. 1. As a main verb in continuous tense. Eg: She is walking now. 2. As an adjective. Eg: This is my walking stick.

3. As a participle

Eg: I saw him walking alone the road. 4 . As a noun Eg: Walking is a good exercise.