(AOD-I) Tangent & Normal

Lecture - 5

Sunil Kumar Gupta (SKG)

Maths Faculty
 Rolle’s Theorem

Let y = f(x) be a function in interval [a, b], is such that

(i) It is Continuous in [a, b],
(ii) Derivable in (a, b) and
(iii) f(a) = f(b),

Conclusion : Then there exists at least one real number c between a and b
(a < c < b) such that f'(c) = 0
Q. For f(x) = x(x + 3)ex/2 , [-3, 0], verify Rolle’s theorem and find the value of c.
Q. For f(x) = x2(x - 3)2 , [0, 3], verify Rolle’s theorem
   5 
Q. The value of c for the function f(x) = log sin x holds Rolle’s theorem in the interval  ,  is-
6 6 
  2
(A) (B) (C) (D) None of these
4 2 3
Q. If the function f(x) = ax3 + bx2 + 11x – 6 , [1, 3] satisfies the
2 3 1
Rolle's theorem for c = , then find a and b.
3
Q. If the rolle’s theorem holds for the function f(x)= 2x3 + ax2 + bx in the
interval [ -1, 1 ] for the point c = ½ , the find the value of 2a + b

Ans.[-1]
Q. Let f (x) = xa log x for x > 0 & f(0) = 0 follows Rolle’s theorem for [0,1]
then a is-
(A) – 2 (B) – 1 (C) 0 (D) 1/2
Important Pattern

Note : Between ant two roots of equation of continuous and differentiable

function, at least one root of its derivative equation f’(x) = 0 always exist
Q. If 2a + 3b + 6c = 0 , then at least one root of equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 lies
in the interval
(A) ( 0 , 1 ) (B) ( 1 , 2 ) (C) ( 2 , 3 ) (D) ( 1 , 3 )

Ans[A]
Q. If a + b + c = 0 , then the equation 3ax2 + 2bx + c = 0 has-
(A) atleast one root in ( 1 , 2 ) (B) two roots in ( 0 , 2 )
(C) no roots in ( 0 , 1 ) (D) atleast one root in ( 0 , 1 )
 a0 a a a
Q. If + 1 + 2 +...+ n1 + an = 0, then the equation a0xn + a1xn–1 + ...+ an–1x + an = 0
n 1 n n 1 2
has, in the interval (0, 1),
(A) exactly one root (B) atleast one root
(C) atmost one root (D) No root.
Q. If the equation anxn + an–1 xn–1 +....+ a1x = 0; a1 ¹ 0, n ³ 2, has a positive root
x = a, then the equation nanxn–1 + (n – 1) an–1 xn–2 + .... + a1 = 0 has a positive
root, which is-
(A) greater than a (B) smaller than a
(C) greater than or equal to a (D) equal to a
 sin x sin a sin b

Q. If f(x) = cos x cos a cos b , where 0 < a < b < , then the equation
2
tan x tan a tan b

f '(x) = 0 has, in the interval (a, b)-

(A) atleast one root (B) atmost one root
(C) no root (D) None of these
Q. Let f(x) = (x – 4) (x – 5) (x – 6) (x – 7) then
(A) f '(x) = 0 has four roots
(B) Three roots of f ' (x) = 0 lie in (4, 5) È (5, 6) È (6, 7)
(C) The equation f ' (x) = 0 has only one root
(D) Three roots of f ' (x) = 0 lie in (3, 4) È (4, 5) È (5, 6).
Q. Find the number of real solution of equation x5 + 3x + 1= 0
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
 Lagrange’s Mean Value Theorem

If a function f defined on the closed interval [a, b], is

(i) Continuous on [a, b] and
(ii) Derivable on (a, b),
(iii) f(a) ≠ f(b)
Conclusion:
Then there exists atleast one real number c between a & b (a < c < b) such that
f'(c) =
Y B

O x=a x=c x=b X

Q. A value of C for which the conclusion of Mean Value Theorem
holds for the function f(x) = logex on the interval [1, 3] is –
(A) 2log3e (B) 12 loge3
(C) log3e (D) loge3
Q. Using LMVT prove that |cos b – cos a|≤ |b – a| for any real
numbers a , b
Q. Let f be a function which is continuous and differentiable for all real x.
If f(2) = – 4 and f'(x) ³ 6 for all x Î [2, 4], then-
Ans[B]
(A) f (4) < 8 (B) f (4) ³ 8
(C) f (4) ³ 12 (D) None of these
Q. Let f'(x) = and f(0) = 10. If A < f(1) < B can be concluded from mean
value theorem, then the largest value of (A – B) equals -
(A) e (B) 1 – e
Ans[B]
(C) e – 1 (D) 1 + e
Q. Let f(x) and g(x) be differentiable for 0 £ x £ 1, such that f(0) = 2, g(0) = 0,
f(1) = 6. Let there exist a real number c in [0, 1]
such that f'(c) = 2g'(c), then the value of g(1) must be-
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) – 2 (D) –­1