Studies and

Discussion on
Social Networking
DISCUSSANTS: GROUP 3
ALEXIS AQUINO
MARY ANN DOLDOL
JESSICA LAMZON
KENNETH CHARLES MARTIN
LUISA SOLANO
 Click icon to add picture

LESSON OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:

 Explain the studies and discussion on social networking,

 Describe how these studies reflect on our modern
society,
 Share an experience where these studies applies to
your personal life.
 Introduction
 Social media use has skyrocketed over the past decade and a half.
Whereas only five percent of adults in the United States reported
using a social media platform in 2005, that number is now around
70 percent.
 Growth in the number of people who use Facebook, Instagram,
Twitter, and Snapchat and other social media platforms — and
the time spent on them—has garnered interest and concern
among policymakers, teachers, parents, and clinicians about
social media's impacts on our lives and psychological well-being.
 While the research is still in its early years Facebook itself only
celebrated its 15th birthday this year — media psychology
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researchers are beginning to tease apart the ways in which time
SOCIAL MEDIA AND
RELATIONSHIPS

 One particularly pernicious concern is whether

time spent on social media sites is eating away
at face-to-face time, a phenomenon known as
social displacement . Fears about social
displacement are longstanding, as old as the
telephone and probably older. “This issue of
displacement has gone on for more than 100
years,” says Jeffrey Hall, PhD, director of the
Relationships and Technology Lab at the
University of Kansas. “No matter what the
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technology is,” says Hall, there is always a
 SOCIAL MEDIA AND
RELATIONSHIPS

 Hall's research interrogates that cultural belief. In one study,

participants kept a daily log of time spent doing 19 different
activities during weeks when they were and were not asked to
abstain from using social media. In the weeks when people
abstained from social media, they spent more time browsing
the internet, working, cleaning, and doing household chores.
 Hall's research interrogates that cultural belief. In one study,
participants kept a daily log of time spent doing 19 different
activities during weeks when they were and were not asked to
abstain from using social media. In the weeks when people
abstained from social media, they spent more time browsing
the
5 internet, working, cleaning, and doing household chores.
One possible reason for this is because we tend to interact with
 WHAT ABOUT TEEN?

 The evidence is clear about one thing: Social

media is popular among teens. A 2018
Common Sense Media report found that 81
percent of teens use social media, and more
than a third report using social media sites
multiple times an hour. These statistics have
risen dramatically over the past six years,
likely driven by increased access to mobile
devices. Rising along with these stats is a
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growing interest in the impact that social

 RISKS OF EXPANDING SOCIAL
NETWORKS

 Social media benefits teens by expanding their social networks

and keeping them in touch with their peers and far-away
friends and family. It is also a creativity outlet. In the Common
Sense Media report, more than a quarter of teens said that
“social media is ‘extremely' or ‘very' important for them for
expressing themselves creatively.”
 But there are also risks. The Common Sense Media
survey found that 13 percent of teens reported being
cyberbullied at least once. And social media can be a
conduit for accessing inappropriate content like
violent images or pornography. Nearly two-thirds of
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teens who use social media said they “'often' or

 “
“If you look at the adolescent developmental
literature, the core issues facing youth are
sexuality, identity, and intimacy,” says
Subrahmanyam. Her research suggests that
different types of digital communication may
involve different developmental issues. For
example, she has found that teens frequently
talked about sex in chat rooms, whereas their use
of blogs and social media appears to be more
concerned with self-presentation and identity
construction.
 In particular, exploring one's identity appears to be a
crucial use of visually focused social media sites for
adolescents. “Whether it's Facebook, whether it's
Instagram, there's a lot of strategic self presentation,
and it does seem to be in the service of identity,” says
vs
In particular, exploring one's identity appears to be a crucial use of
Subrahmanyam. “I think
visually focused social media sites forwhere it gets
adolescents. gray
“Whether it's is that we
don't know
Facebook, if this
whether is necessarily
it's Instagram, there's a lot beneficial
of strategic self or if it
presentation, and it does seem to be in the service of identity,” says
harms.”
Subrahmanyam. “I think where it gets gray is that we don't know if
this is necessarily beneficial or if it harms.”
 In conclusion: Based on her own research comparing
text messages and face-to-face interactions, she says:
“My hypothesis is that maybe digital interactions may
be a little more ephemeral, they're a little more
fleeting, and you feel good, but that the feeling is lost
 A. THE INDIVIDUAL IN SOCIAL
NETWORKING AND SOCIAL MEDIA

 “Attention has been shifted from real

to virtual world and visible to
invisible friends.” (Khurana, 2015).
Another crucial side of the social
media is that it limits to social
interaction most of the times, studies
stated that specially in youth,
individuals are always into their
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 A. THE INDIVIDUAL IN SOCIAL
NETWORKING AND SOCIAL MEDIA

 Aimed at the adults, social media is more

about getting news and accessing information
from different platforms while for newer
population it is about sharing and liking
contents. Some studies show that adolescents
makes more use of different media and use
more self-references and negative emotions
while presenting themselves on social media
compared to older population ( Pfeil, Arjan, &
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Zaphiris, 2009). Which creates the idea that

 A. THE INDIVIDUAL IN SOCIAL
NETWORKING AND SOCIAL MEDIA

 Moreover, in Facebook relations

between internalizing symptoms
and Facebook communication
differed for girls and boys
(Ehrenreich, & Underwood, 2016)
which creates the idea that attitudes
towards social media is open to get
affected by gender differences.
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 A. THE INDIVIDUAL IN SOCIAL
NETWORKING AND SOCIAL MEDIA

 Likewise, there is claims about social media that it

takes too much time from the individuals, it limits the
face to face communication, destroys social skills,
also it gives individuals the ability to create fake
profiles and say whatever they want freely which is
called cyber bullying. Even those little examples can
show the importance of social media. Earlier studies
tried to understand the effects of the social media both
from the negative and positive perspective. Which we
tried to consider this problems as negative or positive
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attitudes of individuals for social media.

 A. THE INDIVIDUAL IN SOCIAL
NETWORKING AND SOCIAL MEDIA

 According to a research, there was a correlation

between the individuals age and their perception of
risks of social media. We can conclude that older
individuals have more tendency to focus on the risky
side of social media, the reason of this correlation can
be because of the older people are not that close with
social media which statistics in 2017 showed that
mainly young adults spend and use social media so
the older people, they can be more alienated towards
social media in order to be careful since it is a
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platform that they don’t know very well so that’s why

 A. THE INDIVIDUAL IN SOCIAL
NETWORKING AND SOCIAL MEDIA

 Furthermore, results showed a correlation between

education and benefit components which means that
more educated individuals focused more on the
benefits of social media. As an estimation, since the
more educated individuals have a different
environment and different social groups, people that
they are interacting in the social media can be more
educated in overall, compared to the less educated
people, so they are surrounded by this educated
platform individuals see more beneficial sides of
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social media such as getting information, reading

 B. STUDIES ON VARIOUS SOCIAL
MEDIA APPLICATIONS
 When we refer to social media
applications such as Facebook,
WhatsApp, Twitter, YouTube, LinkedIn,
Pinterest, and Instagram often come to
mind. These applications are driven by
user-generated content, and are highly
influential in a myriad of settings, from
purchasing/selling behaviors,
entrepreneurship, political issues, to
venture capitalism (Greenwood and
Gopal 2015).
 AsB.ofSTUDIES
April 2017, Facebook
ON VARIOUS enjoys the
SOCIAL
exaltedMEDIA
position of being the market leader
APPLICATIONS
of the social media world, with 1.97 billion
monthly users (Statista 2017). In addition
to posts, social media sites are bombarded
with photo and video uploads, and
according to the recent numbers, about 400
million snaps a day have been recorded on
Snapchat, with around 9000 photos being
shared every second (Lister 2017). While
50 million businesses are active on
Facebook business pages, two million
businesses are using Facebook advertising.
 B. STUDIES ON VARIOUS SOCIAL
MEDIA APPLICATIONS
 Organizations engage in social media
mostly with the aim of obtaining feedback
from stakeholders (Phang et al. 2015).
Consumer reviews are another big part of
social media, bringing issues of
information quality, credibility, and
authenticity to the forefront. To a large
extent, online communities have been
successful in bringing together people with
similar interests and goals, making the
concept of micro blogging very popular.
 B. STUDIES ON VARIOUS SOCIAL
MEDIA APPLICATIONS
 While most messages exchanged on social
media sites are personal statuses or updates
on current affairs, some posts are support
seeking, where people are looking for
assistance and help. Interestingly, these
have been recognized as socially
exhausting posts that engender social
overload, causing other members to
experience negative behavioral and
psychological consequences, because they
feel compelled to respond (Maier et al.
2015).
 C. POLITICS

Some but not most users of social networking sites say the sites are
important for a variety of political activities:
 36% of SNS users say the sites are “very important” or “somewhat
important” to them in keeping up with political news.
 26% of SNS users say the sites are “very important” or “somewhat
important” to them in recruiting people to get involved in political
issues that matter to them.
 25% of SNS users say the sites are “very important” or “somewhat
important” to them for debating or discussing political issues with
others.
 25%
20 of SNS users say the sites are “very important” or “somewhat
important” to them in finding other people who share their views
 C. POLITICS

 In each activity, Democrats who use social

networking sites are more likely than Republicans
or independents to say the sites are important.
 Two other notable group patterns emerge from
these survey questions. SNS-using blacks are
significantly more likely than SNS-using whites
to feel that the sites are important for these
political activities. And younger SNS users (those
ages 18-29) are more likely than older site users
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 C. POLITICS

Use of social networking sites sometimes impacts people’s

political views and involvement
 25% of SNS users say they have become more active in a
political issue after discussing it or reading posts about it
on the sites.
 16% of SNS users say they have changed their views
about a political issue after discussing it or reading posts
about it on the sites.
 9% of SNS users say they have become less involved in a
political issue after discussing it or reading posts about it
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 C. POLITICS

Those who are the most politically engaged get more from
social networking sites and feel the impact more.
 Beyond the context of social networking sites, we asked
people in this survey how often they have political
discussions with friends and family. Some 33% of all
respondents say they “very often” have political
discussions with family and friends; 34% say they
“sometimes” have such conversations, 20% say they
“rarely” talk about politics, and 12% say they “never”
talk about politics. Those who talk very often about
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politics with family and friends are more likely than

 C. POLITICS

Here’s what the most politically engaged citizens say about their use
of SNS:
 that they post about politics on SNS and are more likely to say
that most of the material they post relates to politics;
 that the sites are useful to them in their political activities;
 that they have become more involved in an issue after reading
what others have said on social networking sites;
 that their friends’ posts are about politics and that their friends’
posts are compatible with their own political views;
 that they will challenge their friends’ SNS material about politics
if the disagree with it;
 that
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they have been challenged on their own political posts.
 SocialD.networking
SOCIAL NETWORKING
is the use of Internet-based social
media sites to stay connected with friends, family,
colleagues, customers, or clients. Social networking
can have a social purpose, a business purpose, or
both, through sites such as Facebook, Twitter,
LinkedIn, and Instagram, among others. Social
networking has become a significant base for
marketers seeking to engage customers.

 Marketers use social networking for increasing

brand recognition and encouraging brand loyalty.
Since it makes a company more accessible to new
customers and more recognizable for existing
customers, social networking helps promote a
 D. SOCIAL NETWORKING
 For example, a frequent Twitter user may hear of a
company for the first time through a news feed and
decide to buy a product or service. The more
exposed people are to a company’s brand, the greater
the company's chances of finding and retaining new
customers.

 Marketers use social networking for improving

conversion rates. Building a following provides
access to and interaction with new, recent and old
customers. Sharing blog posts, images, videos, or
comments on social media allows followers to react,
visit the company’s website, and become customers.
 D. SOCIALand
Advantages NETWORKING
Disadvantages of Social
Networking in Marketing

 Customers may complement the company’s

offerings and encourage others to buy the
products or services. The more customers are
talking about a company on social
networking, the more valuable the brand
authority becomes. As a brand grows
stronger, more sales result. Increased
company posts rank the company higher in
search engines. Social networking can help
establish a brand as legitimate, credible, and
 D. SOCIAL NETWORKING

Advantages and Disadvantages of Social

Networking in Marketing

 A company may use social networking to

demonstrate its customer service level and enrich
its relationships with consumers. For example, if a
customer complains about a product or service on
Twitter, the company may address the issue
immediately, apologize, and take action to make it
right. However, criticism of a brand can spread
very quickly on social media. This can create a
virtual headache for a company's public relations
department.
 Advantages
D. SOCIALand Disadvantages of Social
NETWORKING
Networking in Marketing

 Although social networking itself is free,

building and maintaining a company profile
takes hours each week. Costs for those hours
add up quickly. In addition, businesses need
many followers before a social media
marketing campaign starts generating a
positive return on investment (ROI). For
example, submitting a post to 15 followers
does not have the same effect as submitting
the post to 15,000 followers.
 E. SOCIAL MEDIA AND TERRORISM

 Social media has become one of the most powerful

drivers for terrorist funding, and it’s set to stay that
way. In part one of this blog on the impact of social
media, we discuss the impact that social media
platforms themselves are having on terrorist
financing.
HOW TERRORISTS USE SOCIAL MEDIA
 A report published in 2014 found that 90% of
internet-based terror activities are conducted using
social media. That percentage has likely increased
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 E. SOCIAL MEDIA AND TERRORISM

HOW TERRORISTS USE SOCIAL MEDIA

 Social media’s explosive growth has sparked serious concerns
over its possible exploitation by terrorists, terrorist
organizations and radicalized sympathizers looking to
promote their ideas and fund attacks worldwide. Given the
open nature of these platforms, their reach and the anonymity
they provide, terrorist financing is often hidden in plain sight,
with small-currency transactions the norm.
 Recent terror attacks have also highlighted the role social
media plays in radicalizing and recruiting individuals as well
as showing the devastating results of their attacks. The
Christchurch mosque attacks in March 2019 that killed 51
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 E. SOCIAL MEDIA AND TERRORISM

HOW TERRORISTS USE SOCIAL MEDIA

 These attacks were “designed to go viral,” according to New
Zealand’s prime minister, Jacinda Ardern. The attacks serve as
propaganda material to garner support for additional attacks
and create a campaign for the financing of terrorism.
 Going viral requires a reach that’s instant and wide, something
made possible by social media. This kind of reach also opens
the door for sympathizers to donate to the cause little and
often without disrupting their day-to-day finances. Further,
terror financing methods vary widely. So while donations can
be purposeful, they can also be made by unwitting pawns
using videos and images that aren’t immediately linked to
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 E. SOCIAL MEDIA AND TERRORISM

HOW TERRORISTS USE SOCIAL MEDIA

 Financiers then follow up those calls with instructions,

communicated via encrypted platforms, on making
payments. These often arrive in the terrorists’ hands by
wire or, increasingly, social media platforms. Prepaid
cards, virtual currencies and e-wallets are also
encouraged as they fly under the radar of traditional
AML/CFT controls — a shortcoming new legislation,
such as the EU’s 5AMLD, is trying to address.
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THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING!
DISCUSSANTS: GROUP 3
ALEXIS AQUINO
MARY ANN DOLDOL
JESSICA LAMZON
KENNETH CHARLES MARTIN
LUISA SOLANO