CEBU CITY MEDICAL CENTER

COLLEGE OF NURSING

CELL AND TISSUES

(Anatomy and Physiology)
By: Maria Wellinda A. Cabuenas
Cells The cell (with
trillions in the body)
is the basic unit of
any living organ and
it is the organ that
replicate on its own
determining growth.
The Cell and Its Function
1. Cell Membrane (outer
semi-solid covering of the
cell)
Facilitate movement of
cell organs to other
places and gives protection
to the cell
Regulates exchange
of substances from
the cell to outside
atmosphere.
2.Microtubules (moving
chromosomes)
Play a vital role in cell
division by pairing
with chromosomes
allowing it to split and
attaching to each new
daughter cell.
3. Centrosome
Is the microtubule
organizing center.
Regulates the cell
cycle via assembly
of microtubules.
4.Microfilaments are thin
protein structure
Hold & give shape of the
cell like the microtubules
and facilitates
movement.
5. Lysosome
Digest excess or worn
out organelles, food
particles, and engulfed
viruses or bacteria.
6.Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum
It synthesizes lipids,
phospholipids as in
plasma membranes,
and steroids.
Present in cells of
the testes, ovaries,
and skin oil glands.
7. Secretory Vesicle
(small cell organelles)
• Store and transport
substances to and from
• one cell to another and
from one part of a cell
to another.
8. Peroxisome
Responsible for
oxidation reactions
that break down
fatty acids and
amino acids. 
Neutralize free radicals,
which cause cellular
damage and cell death.
9. Vacoule
• Store nutrients (NaCl,
water, CHON and
CHO) for the cell for
survival and store
waste products so the
rest of the cells are
protected from
contamination.
10. Cytoplasm or
Protoplasm(filling
Fluid of the cell)
It is the place where
cell organs like golgi
bodies, endoplasmic
reticulum and
mitochondria is
freely floating for
protection
10. Golgi vesicles and Golgi
Apparatus
Golgi vesicles are pinched
off the membranes and
float through the cell.
Golgi apparatus is a
series of membranes
shaped like pancakes.
Responsible for
modifying, sorting
and packaging of
proteins for secretion.
Also involved in lipid
cell transport and the
creation of lysosomes.
11. Chromatin

Compress the DNA into

a compact unit that will
be less voluminous and
can fir within the
nucleous
12. Nucleus and Nucleolus

Controls/regulates the cell activities Helps in protein synthesis and

& carries the genes, structure that production of the ribosome in the
contain the hereditary information. cells.
13. Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Involved with the
production, folding,
quality control and
dispatch of some
proteins. SER is for
lipid (fat) manufacture
and metabolism.
14. Ribosomes
Are protein builders
or the protein
synthesizers of the 
cell.
Builds and connects
one amino acid at
a time and build
long chains.
15. Intermediate Filament
Provide mechanical
support for the
plasma membrane
but do not participate
in cell motility
16. Mitochondria
The powerhouse of
the cell since they are
always bundling or
collecting energy to be
able to supply
continuous energy to
the cell.
The continuous
supply of
mitochondria by
the breaking down
of nutrients and
supplying nutrients
to all parts of the
body is called
cellular respiration.
The end!!!