Number System

 is defined as a system of writing to express

numbers.
Natural Numbers

•the numbers that start from 0 and end at

infinity.
•also known as non-negative integers.
Example: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6…}
Integer
• is a whole number (not a fractional number) that
can be positive, negative, or zero.
Integers come in three types: 
1. Zero (0) 
2. Positive Integers (Natural numbers) 
3. Negative Integers (Additive inverse of Natural
Numbers)
 Rational Numbers
• a number that can be represented as the quotient
p/q of two integers such that q ≠ 0.
• Some of the examples of rational numbers
include 1/3, 2/4, 1/5, 9/3, and so on.
 Irrational Numbers
• a type of real number which cannot be
represented as a simple fraction. 
Example:
Identify the given if it’s rational number or
irrational number.
1.10
2.8

3.75
 The Real Numbers
• All the numbers in the Number line
• are numbers that include both rational and
irrational numbers.
 Complex numbers
• are numbers that consist of two parts — a real number and
an imaginary number.

Imaginary number
is the square root of a negative number and does not have a
tangible value.
Example:
Fundamental Operations in Integers
•We have four fundamental
operations on integers. They
are addition, subtraction,
multiplication, and division.
 Addition of Integers
1.Integers with the same sign

2. Integers with Unlike signs

Perform the Indicated Operation
 Subtraction of integers
• First, keep the first number (known as the minuend).
Second, change the operation from subtraction to
addition. Third, get the opposite sign of the second
number (known as the subtrahend) Finally,
proceed with the regular addition of integers.
Example:
Perform the indicated operation
Multiplication(Division) of integers
Example:
 Prime and composite numbers
• A prime number is a number which has exactly
two factors i.e. '1' and the number itself.
• A composite number has more than two factors,
which means apart from getting divided by 1
and the number itself, it can also be divided by
at least one positive integer.
 Prime Factorization
• is finding which prime numbers multiply
together to make the original number.
Method of Writing the prime factorization of
numbers
•FACTOR TREE
EXAMPLE: 36
 GREATEST COMMON FACTOR
•a set of numbers is the largest
factor that all the numbers share.
LEAST COMMON MULTIPLE
is the smallest positive integer
that is divisible by both.