Circulatory

System
 DEOXYGENAT
OXYGENTED ED
BLOOD BLOOD
• Contains
• Contains Oxygen Carbon Dioxide
& Nutrients & Waste
• Bright Red • Dark Red
• Found in Arteries • Found in Veins
• H/L to Body • Body to H/L
Circulatory System
 It transport nutrients, gases, and
other materials to and from the
cells of the body. It also functions
in fighting infections.
 It consist of your heart, blood,
veins and arteries.
 It carries blood to every part of
the body part.
 HEART BLOOD BLOOD
• CHAMBERS VESSELS
• RBC
• VALVES • ARTERIES
• WBC • VEINS
• PLATELETS • CAPILLARIES
• PLASMA
 The Heart
• The human heart is four
chambered.
• The upper chambers are called the
atria or atrium and lower
chambers are called ventricles.
• The atrium and ventricles are
separated by a the septum.
 Right Atrium
• It collects deoxygenated blood
returning from the body (through
vena cavas) and then forces it into
the right ventricle through the
tricuspid valve.
 Left Atrium
• It oxygenated blood returning
from the lungs and then forces it
into the left ventricle through
mitral valve or bicuspid valve.
 Right Ventricle
• It deoxygenated blood from the
right atrium and then forces it into
the lungs through the pulmonary
valves.
 Left Ventricle
• It is the largest and strongest
chamber. It pushes blood through
the aortic valve and into the body.
 Left Ventricle
• It is the largest and strongest
chamber. It pushes blood through
the aortic valve and into the body.
 Left Ventricle
• It is the largest and strongest
chamber. It pushes blood through
the aortic valve and into the body.
Atrioventricular or Cuspid valve
1. Tricuspid valves- between the right atrium and
right ventricle
2. Bicuspid or mitral valve- between the left
atrium and left ventricle

Semilunar Valve
1. Pulmonary Valve- within the opening of the
pulmonary artery
2. Aortic valves- within the opening of the aorta
Aorta: It is the largest artery and carries oxygenated blood from
the heart to the rest of the body.

Superior Vena Cava: Deoxygenated blood from the upper parts of

the body returns to the heart through the superior vena cava.

Inferior Vena Cava: Deoxygenated blood from the lower parts of

the body returns to the heart through the inferior vena cava.

Pulmonary Veins: They carry oxygenated blood from the lungs

back to the heart.

Pulmonary Arteries: They carry blood from the heart to the lungs
pick up oxygen.
Blood Vessel
• A tube through which the blood circulates in the body.
• Blood vessels includes a network of arteries, arterioles,
capillaries, venules, and veins.
• Types of Blood Vessels

Are thick-walled to
cope with the high It has thinner walls Are the smallest
pressure of the as compared to blood vessels; they
arteries. They convey
blood flowing
Arteries Veins are just one cell thick
trough it. It blood coming from all
the parts of the body
Capillaries
transports oxygen-
back to the heart.
rich blood that
moves away from
the heart.
Composition of Blood
1. The blood is a liquid tissue, is the medium of circulation. Its main function is
to transport materials and to fight infection.

Plasma- Liquid portion (55%)

Corpuscles- formed elements (45%)

The blood is manufactured within red bone marrow (myeloid tissue) within flat
long bones.
Formed elements or corpuscles
• RBC (erythrocytes)
• WBC (leukocytes)
• Blood Platelets (thrombocytes)
Red Blood Cells
1. Transport gases, especially oxygen, to all parts of he body.
Structurally, RBCs are shape like biconcave disk and without nucleus
(anucleated). The red color is due the pigment hemoglobin that
enables them to carry and transport oxygen.
White Blood Cells
1. It fights infection by secreting antibodies and engulfing
foreign bodies (phagocytes). Structurally, their shapes are
irregular but they ae nucleated.
Blood Platelets
1. Are amorphous just like WBCs. They are not true cells but are fragments of
cytoplasm with nucleus from large bone marrow. When a blood vessel is
damage, fibrinogen (a protein in the blood plasma). Forms long, sticky strands
of a substance called fibrin. The fibrin traps the platelets, which collect to
form a clot and seal the wound. The clot becomes hard forming a scab as the
wound heals.
The Blood Clotting Process
1. It consist of series of events involving the thrombocytes, some enzymes and proteins in
the plasma.
ABO Blood Relationship
1. In 1900, Karl Landsteiner, an Austrian scientist at the University of Vienna discovered
four different blood groups that characterize human populations. These Blood groups are
A, B, AB, O.
Rh Factor
1. The Rh factor is the second most significant blood group in humans. It
presently consists of 50 antigens. The most common and is considered the
most significant since it provokes the body’s immune system, is antigen D.
The antigens for the Rh factor ae also located in the plasma membrane of the
red blood cells.