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《土木工程施工》 - 3第三讲 土方调配(英文)
《土木工程施工》 - 3第三讲 土方调配(英文)
土木工程施工技术
Ph.D. Zhang
13585477969
September 2017
第三讲 土方调
配
知识回顾
Average distance calculation V19
平均运距计算 x19 、 y
The average distance is calculated for the first press y H0
19
type earthwork excavation and embankment area The
of barycentric coordinates X0, Y0: 先按下式求出各挖方 V5 excavation The
area excavation
或填方区土方重心坐标 X0 、 Y0 : x5 、 area
挖方 Focus 挖方区
y5 区
·
重心
( xiVi )
X0
V i L0 · Fill area
Focus 填方区
重心
Y0
(yV ) i i
V yOW
yOT
i Fill area
填方区
式中: Xi, Yi —— the barycentric
coordinates of the I block; xi 、 yi xOW H0 x
—— i 块方格的重心坐标
xOT
Vi —— the earthwork of the I block V1
x1 、
Vi —— i 块方格的土方量。
y1
《土木工程施工技术》 15 级工程造价 2017
第三讲 土方调
配
The deployment area division (drawn zero line), calculate the average
distance between the deployment area (i.e. the excavation area to the center
of gravity of the earth fill area, distance) to determine the initial allocation
scheme, optimization scheme of discrimination and drawing the earthwork
chart. 划分调配区(绘出零线)→ 计算调配区之间的平均运距(即挖方区至填方区土方重心的
距离)→ 确定初始调配方案→ 优化方案判别→ 绘制土方调配图表。
Principles of earthwork allocation
土方调配的原则
In order to cut and fill balance, the shortest distance, cost the province,
considering the earthwork utilization, to reduce duplication of earthwork digging
and filling and transportation. 力求挖填平衡、运距最短、费用最省,考虑土方的利用,以
减少土方的重复挖填和运输。
最优方案判别
绘制土方调配图
方案的调整
编制初始调配方案
用“最小元素法”
最优方案判别
No
否
Below is a rectangular square, small square diagram of the figure in the earthwork blending area, the
numbers on the average distance is between each deployment area. Find the earthwork
optimization scheme. 下图为一矩形广场,图中小方格内的数字为各调配区的土方量,箭杆上的数字则为各调配区之间的平
均运距。试求土方调配最优方案。 Fill the area to be
Filling zone
transferred to the earth
填方区需调出土方 number 填方区编号
The excavation
area number
挖方区编号
W1 T1 W3
50 60
The excavation 500 800 500
area should be 80
transferred out 70 10
of the earth 0
0
70
挖方区需调出土方
500 11 70
The average 90 400
interval distance 40 100
distribution W2 40
调配区间的平均运距 600 500
T2 T3 W4
《土木工程施工技术》 15 级工程造价 2017
第三讲 5 土方调
土方调配
配
The amount of earthwork allocation and average distance
各调配区土方量及平均运距
Fill area
填方区 amount of
The
excavation
T1 T2 T3 excavation
挖方量
area 挖方区 m
3
《土木工程施工技术》
amount of
15 级工程造价 2017
第三讲 土方调
配
Step 1: minimum distance distribution
步骤 1 :分配最小运距
The average minimum distance (C22=C43=40) grid, determine the number of the corresponding allocation of
earthwork, and make it as large as possible. In this case we selected C43=40, X43=400 (all W4 excavation transferred to T3,
X41, X42=0 (W4) excavation not transferred to T1, T2, X41, X42) of the painting box "*" 选取平均运距最小 (C22=C43=40) 的方格,
确定它所对应的调配土方数,并使其尽可能大。本例选取 C43=40 , X43=400(W4 的全部挖方调往 T3) , X41 、 X42=0 (W4 的挖方不调往 T1 、 T2) ,在
Fill area
X41 、 X42 的方格内画上“ ×”
填方区
The The amount of
excavation T1 T2 T3 excavation
area 挖方区 挖方量 m3
50 70 100
W1 500
C,11 C,12 C,13
70 40 90
W2 × 500 × 500
C,21 C,22 C,23
60 110 70
W3 500
C 31 C 32 C 33
80 100 40
W3 60 110 70 500
300 C,31 100 C,32 100 C,33
80 100 40
W4 × × 400 400
C,
41 C ,
42 C,
43
Fill quantity 800 600 500 1900
填方量 m3
First, the imaginary price coefficients of the squares in the table are calculated, and the
imaginary price coefficients of the earthwork are determined
C 'ij=Cij, the hypothetical price factor of the random earthwork is calculated by the press:
首先求出表中各方格的假想价格系数,有调配土方的假想价格系数
C’ij=Cij ,无调配土方的假想价格系数按下式计算:
, , , ,
C C C C
1 3 2 4
The meaning of the formula is that the imaginary price coefficients on the
diagonals of the four squares of any rectangle are equal
该公式的意义即:构成任一矩形的四个方格内对角线上的假想价格系数之和相等。
, , , ,
C21 C31 C22 C32 60 40 110 10
Fill area The
填方区
T1 T2 T3 amount of
The excavation excavation
area 挖方量 m3
挖方区
50 70 100
W1 500 × × 500
50 100 60
70 40 90
W2 × 500 × 500
- 10 40 0
60 110 70
W3 300 100 100 500
60 110 70
80 100 40
W4 × × 400 400
30 80 40
Fill quantity 800 600 500 1900
填方量 m3
The test number lambda, press calculate free inspection table in the number of earthwork
allocation (i.e. the right box two compartments on digital subtraction, the positive and the negative
number in the table): λ12 negative description scheme is not optimal, need to be adjusted. 引入检验数 λ ,
按下式求出表中无调配土方方格的检验数(即方格右边两小格数字上下相减,将正负号填入表中): λ12 出现负数说明方案不是
最佳方案,需要进行调整。
ij ij
,
ij C C 0
Fill area
填方区 The amount of
The
excavation
T1 T2 T3 excavation
挖方量 m3
area 挖方区
50 70 100
W1 50
- 100
+ 60
500
70 40 90
W2 + -10 40
+ 0
500
60 110 70
W3 60 110 70
500
80 100 40
W4 + 30
+ 80 40
400
Fill quantity 800 600 500 1900
填方量 m3
(1)select one of all the negative numbers (the smallest one), and this example is lambda
12, which takes the corresponding variable X12 as the object of adjustment
( 1 )在所有负检验数中挑选一个 ( 一般选最小的 ) ,本例即 λ12 ,将它对应的变量 x12 作为调整对象。
(2) find the closed loop X12. Its practice is based on the X12 grid, along the horizontal
or vertical direction, have 900 square numbers turn (or not turn), if the route is
appropriate, after finite steps will be able to return to the starting point. To form a digital
box as the turning point. A horizontal or vertical line connecting the closed loop table:
( 2 )找出 x12 的闭回路。其作法是,从 x12 方格出发,沿水平或竖直方向前进,遇到有数字的方格作 900 转弯 ( 也可不转弯 ) ,
如果路线恰当,有限步后便能回到出发点。形成一条以有数字的方格为转角点、用水平或竖直线联起来的闭回路。见下表:
T1 T2 T3
①
W1 500 X12 ⑤
②
W2 500
③ ④
W3 300 100 100
W4 400
《土木工程施工技术》 15 级工程造价 2017
第三讲 土方调
配
(3) starting from the space X12, along the closed loop (direction arbitrary) travel, in the
odd corner points of the number of pick out a minimum (this example is X32=100), it will be
transferred from X32 to X12 box ( 3 )从空格 X12 出发,沿闭回路(方向任意)行进,在各奇数转角点的数字中挑出
一个最小的(本例即 X32=100 )将它由 X32 调到 X12 方格中。
Fill area 填方
区 The amount of
The T1 T2 T3 excavation
excavation 挖方量 m3
area 挖方区
500 50 70 100
W1 0 + 500
50 100 60
70 40 90
W2 + 500 + 500
-10 40 0
60 100 110 70
W3 300 100 500
60 110 70
80 100 40
W4 + + 400 400
30 80 40
Fill quantity 800 600 500 1900
填方量 m3
(4) the "100" number in the X12 grid, has been out of X32 for 0, while the other odd angle
closed loop (X11) box number minus 100, a corner (X31) box number increased 100, the fill
earthwork excavation zone remains balance. So we get the new scheme in the following table .
( 4 )将“ 100” 数字填入 X12 方格中,被调出的 X32 为 0 ,同时将闭回路上其它奇数次转角( X11 )方格内的数字都减去 100 ,偶
数次转角( X31 )方格内的数字都增加 100 ,使得填、挖方区的土方量仍然保持平衡。这样我们就得到了下表中的新调配方案。
Fill area
填方区 The amount of
The T1 T2 T3 excavation
excavation 挖方量 m3
area 挖方区
(5) the new allocation scheme according to the optimal discriminant "methods and steps for further
analysis and inspection, if still negative, then repeat steps 1-4 to continue to adjust, if not negative, is
the optimal solution. ( 5 )对新调配方案按“ ⑵最优方案判别”的方法和步骤再进行判别和检验,如仍出现负数,则重复步骤 1-4 继
续调整,如不出现负数,方案即是最优方案。
Fill area 填
方区 The amount of
The T1 T2 T3 excavation
excavation 挖方量 m3
area 挖方区
50 70 100
W1 400 100 + 500
50 60
100 70
70 40 90
W2 + 500 + 500
40 0
-10 20
60 110 70
W3 400 0 100 500
60 70
110 80
80 100 40
W4 + + 400 400
30 40
Fill quantity 80 50
填方量 m 3 800 600 500 1900
The calculation number of the checked earthwork square is zero and no negative number
《土木工程施工技术》 15 级工程造价 2017
is calculated. The scheme is the optimum one. 计算无调配土方方格的检验数 λ ,无负数,方案是最优方案。
第三讲 土方调
配
优化结果
T1 W3
W1 400 400
500 800 500
50 60
0 0
10
1 0
0
7
70
W2 500 50
0 400 400
40 40
600 500
T2 T3 W4