Robotics Click to add text

Learning Objectives: 
General Information:

• Robots are used to perform a wide range of physical tasks.

• They are either automated (controlled by a computer chip) or manually

controlled by a human
There are 4 different types of robots:
• Manufacturing robots (used to perform
repetitive tasks such as welding)
• Carrier robots (used by the military to carry
heavy loads over dangerous terrain)
• Domestic robots (used in homes to perform
cleaning tasks such as vacuuming)
• Exploration robots (used to visit and send
images from places such as Mars)
Some more typical tasks that robots can be used for are
described in the table below:
Robots are increasingly being used in
manufacturing due to their proven
increase in productivity.

Think Robots can work 24/7 and never need to take breaks.

about it! They also do not require wages like humans do.

This means that robots can produce more at a lower

cost.
Some videos:

Here are some links to videos that contain more information

about topics discussed regarding robots:

Manufacturing Robots: How Do Robots Dismantle Bombs? – Y

FANUC Industrial Robots at AUDI - YouT ouTube
ube

   
• Image from mars:
• Search and Rescue
Robot
Three laws of robotics:
• a robot may not injure a human through action or
inaction
• a robot must obey orders given by humans, unless
it comes into conflict with law 1
• a robot must protect itself, unless this conflicts
with law 1
6.2.2 Characteristics of a robot
• Ability to sense their surroundings
• Have a degrees of freedom
• Programmable
• Task 1: write a brief explanation on every point in the next
slide
Jhml's robots' shop 
• Robots are automated machines that perform a range of physical tasks.
• There are 4 different types of robots: Manufacturing, carrier, domestic, and
exploration robots.
• Some tasks that robot can perform include dangerous jobs, exploring extreme
environments, repetitive manufacturing jobs, and moving heavy objects
• Robots are used in manufacturing due to their proven increase in productivity, as
in they produce more at a low cost.
• Some impacts on daily life are increased personal time, more efficient
manufacturing, loss of jobs, safer working environments.
• A robot must obey order and protect itself unless it injures a human through action
or inaction, as it is in the law
• A few characteristics of robots are: Ability to sense surroundings, have a degree of
movement, programmable
N, f, l, j
• Ability to sense their surroundings:
Robots need to use sensors to create a picture of whatever environment they are
in. / Sensors are what allow a robot to gather information about its environment.
• Have a degree of movement:
Different robots have different degrees of movement (horizontal, vertical, depth,
pitch, yaw and roll.
• Programmable
 Most of the industrial robots are programmed by guiding a robot from point to
point through the phases of an operation, with each point stored in the robotic
control system.
 Sadaf and Laiba
• Characteristics of a robot
• Ability to sense their surroundings:
• Ability to sense their surroundings by using sensors such as temperature sensor , motion
sensor ,Light detection and ranging to calculate distance of light detecting to help create a
map of the environment.
• Have a degree of movement: 
• It refers to the robots/robot's arms ability to move left and right, up and down and some
robots also have wheels to help it move around.

• Programmable:
• Able to receive a set of instructions to perform a specific task.
Robots classification
• Physical robots can be classified as independent or dependent:
» Independent robots: – have no direct human control (they are said to be
autonomous, for example, an autonomous vehicle) – can replace the
human activity totally (no human interaction is required for the robot to
function fully).
Task 2: give three examples for independent robots below: 
• Dependent robots: – have a human who is interfacing directly with the
robot (the human interface may be a computer or a control panel) –
can supplement, rather than totally replace, the human activity (for
example, in a car assembly plant where both humans and robots work
together to produce a car).
• Task 3: give three examples for dependent robots below: 
• Task 4: What are the advantages and disadvantages
of robots (in general)?
Industry

• Use actuators for replacement of hands

• Can be used in bottling plants

• Can be used to weld parts together

Advantages Disadvantages
Replaces need for manual labor Reduces job opportunities

Cheaper in the long term Regular maintenance is required

More efficient Need constant power supply

 Transport

• Can be used to steer the steering wheel

• Can be used to change gears 

• Can be used to apply brakes

Advantages Disadvantages
Safer as human error would be excluded Very expensive to set up

Better for environment as it is more efficient on the pedal Can be hacked

Reduces time taken to travel Driver can be reluctant to use new technology
 Agriculture & Medicine
• Agriculture is the science and practice
of farming and growing crops to
maintain human population by
supplying food to sustain it.

• Medicine is the practice of using or

formulating chemicals to use in saving
of lives and improving the quality and
standard of life.
 Advantages  Disadvantages

More efficient in growing People will be unemployed

crops (less job vacancies)

No humans involved Expensive maintenance and

which means safer (no upfront cost
danger)

Specialized articles of technology that are capable of

Agriculture in Robotics assisting farmers with a wide range of operations.
 Examples of Robotics in Agriculture

IN GROWING COTTON WATERING PLANTS CONTROLLING

AUTOMATICALLY TEMPERATURE AND
HUMIDITY

In our Egyptian culture, sprinkler systems are used to maintain the humidity of the soil
and to supply the plants with water
 Medicine in
Robotics
• Robots in the medical field
are transforming how surgeries are
performed, streamlining supply
delivery and disinfection, and
enabling providers to focus on
engaging with and caring for patients.

Advantages Disadvantages
Very precise  Costly
Sterilizing Radiation
Examples of Robots In
Medicine
• Robot supplying surgeon in a
surgery 
• Robots can help sterilize
equipment before surgery
• Robots can be used to remove
brain tumor by having very
precise equipment
Domestic (home) &
Entertainment

Introduction: Robots are widely used in

homes and entertainment from cleaning to
gaming.

Examples: 
Domestic:
• Vacuum and Floor Sweepers
• Alexa and Google Assistant
• Automatic Lawn mower
• Dress Shirt Ironers
• Pool and Window Cleaners
Domestic (home) &
Entertainment

Examples:  Advantages Disadvantages

Entertainment: Makes life easier Expensive
• Entertainment Friend Robots
• Robotic Cat and Dog More leisure time Dangerous (if not
handled properly)
• Hoverboard and Electric Unicycle
• Drones Enables people with Person becomes
allergies to have pets dependent on robot

Increased accuracy Restricted to their

programming
Domestic (home) &
Entertainment
• In Saudi Arabia, robots are used to
clean houses
• In Romania, robots are used in domestic
farming and agriculture
• In Jordan, robots are used in banks
• In Egypt, robots are used to serve foods,
beverages, etc.
• In Syria, robots are used in war
Summary / Quiz time: 
• Using your own devices, scan the code below/ open the link and finish the quiz, before
submitting it you need to replace chair with your next colleague to correct his/ her
mistake, evaluate their work, correct any misconception. At the end evaluate their answer
and award them appropriate point 
• https://forms.office.com/Pages/ResponsePage.aspx?id=SK5NNidb0E2lg
brl43auq7uXuVPzrI9LtQ5FeUOZ_B9UMzFNOVdGVk4zSUJVSEpNWkhMV
TBVNzZJWi4u
 
• Any questions / suggested ways of improvement for the
activity? 
Week 3 – Session 1 &2 – Thursday 

– Finish activity 6.8 to 6.11 

– Upload your work in the assignment