Sgt P Vijaya Kumar

• Joined IAF 2005

• Specialization: PNA (CLASS-III)
• Civil Qualification
- B.Sc (IT) (2009), M. Sc (IT) (2012)
• Achievements
- Best in GST (2006)
- Third Position in Inter command Badminton championship (2009)
- 2nd Position in PNA specialization (2011)
- Nishaan Warrant Officer for AFCME Presidents Color Presentation( 2013)
- Exceptional Grading in Oracle 11g Course conducted by DIT (2015)
- 1st Position in 113th indoctrination course in Aviation Medicine (2016)
- Article titled “Dangri to Jeans” Published in Vayu Jan Shakti (2018)
- A Contingent Member of IMTT Tajikistan for 2 Years(2019-2021)
• Awards
– Commendation by VCAS (2015)
 Beginning
&
End life Concerns
Introduction
Beginning of Life issues
End Life Concerns
Conclusion
Introduction
 The Beginning
• Infertility
• Reproductive Choice
• Assisted Reproduction
• Abortion
 Infertility
• Infertility is clinically defined as a condition in
which men and women cannot achieve
pregnancy after a year of having intercourse with
out birth control.
Data on Infertility
 Abortion
• Before 1971, abortion was criminalized under
Section 312 of the Indian Penal Code.
•The Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP)
Act, 1971 provides the legal framework.
• MTP amendment Act 2021 on 16 Mar 21.
 MTP Amendment Act 2021..
• Married clause dropped

• Increase in gestation limit

• Medical Boards

• Confidentiality
 (Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic
Techniques) 
(Pre-Conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic
Techniques) 
My Body My Choice ….
 REPRODUCTIVE TECH…….
Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)

Types of ART
 IVF-ET
 GIFT
 ZIFT
 FET
 Ethical Issues…..
• Egg donor
• Conceived Children
• Surrogate mothers
• Freezing embryos
• Handling of eggs and embryos
• Gender selection, modification and
enhancement
• Implications of sorting sperm
Egg donor
Commercial Surrogacy…..
End Life Concerns…
 End Life Concerns
• Physical Comfort

• Mental & Emotional needs

• Spiritual Issues

• Practical Tasks.
 Ethical Issues in EOLC
• Autonomy
• Beneficence
• Nonmaleficence
• Justice.
Autonomy
Beneficence
Non-maleficence
Justice
 Decision-making during
End-of-life care

• Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

• Mechanical ventilation (MV), extracorporeal
membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and
mechanical circulatory support (MCS);
• Artificial nutrition and hydration (ANH);
• Terminal sedation;
• Withholding and withdrawing treatment;
• Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (PAS).
 EUTHANASIA

ARUNA RAMCHANDRA SHANBAUG

V.
UNION OF INDIA & ORS.
EUTHANASIA
 Difference

• In active euthanasia, something is done to end

the patient's life.

• while in passive euthanasia, something is not

done that would have preserved the patient's
life.
 Active Euthanasia Crime
• Active euthanasia is a crime all over the world.

• Except where permitted by legislation.

• In India active euthanasia is illegal and a crime

under section 302 or at least section 304 IPC.

• Physician assisted suicide is a crime under section

306 IPC (abetment to suicide).
Legislation in Some Countries
 Law In India
• It is crime under Section 309 (IPC) and 306
• Passive euthanasia is legal in India under
judicial observation. As per this method,
doctors are allowed to pull back life support of
patients who are in a changeless vegetative
state. Passive euthanasia was made legal in
India in  Aruna Shanbaug’s case.
 THE CONCEPT OF ADVANCE
MEDICAL DIRECTIVE IN INDIA

PROCEDURE AND SAFEGUARDS

39
What Is Advance Medical Directive
 Common Cause v. Union of India:
• The petition challenged the constitutionality of
Section 306 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC).

• The Right To Die With Dignity As A

Fundamental Right.

• Document titled “Living Will” and attorney

authorization,
Who can execute and how?

42
Thank You