Article

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An article is an adjective. Like adjectives,
articles modify nouns.

A, an and the are called articles

A, an are called indefinite articles
The is called definite article
A AN
The is used to refer to
THE specific or particular nouns.

A / an is used to
modify non-specific or
non- particular nouns.
We use a, an, or the before nouns that we want to
introduce.
Nouns are names of people, places, animals or things.

A Person

A Place

A thing
 ‘A’ is used
 Before a singular noun
beginning with a consonant
sound.
(Eg) a boy, a bird, a
book, a school, a dog.

 Even before vowel letters which

don’t have vowel sound.
(Eg) a European, a unit, a union.
Some words start with a vowel letter but begin with
a consonant sound, so we use a before these words too.

a university

a uniform

a one-rupee
note
We use a before words that begin with a
consonant.

a girl

clock
 ‘An’ is used
Before a word beginning with a vowel
(Eg) an idiot, an apple

Before a word beginning with ' but not

h' sounded
(Eg) an honour, an hour, an honest man
We use an before words that begin with a vowel
sound .
a,e,i,o,u are vowels

an orange

an umbrella

an eye
 'The’ is used
1. Before unique objects
(Eg) the sun, the sky, the moon

2.Before the names of mountains, rivers,

oceans, deserts etc.
(Eg) the Sahara, the Pacific

3.Before the names of books

(Eg) the Quran, the Bible
4. Before the superlative degree
(Eg) the best, the tallest

5. Before musical instruments

(Eg) the flute, the violin

6.Before an adjective to denote a whole class

(Eg) the old, the rich, the poor
We use the when we know that there is
only one of a particular thing.

the sky

the world

the
North
 Omission of article

1.Before the names of relations (father, uncle,sister )

2.Before the names of material (gold, silver, diamond )

3.Before proper noun ( Lotus, Alina, G9 )

4.Before abstract noun (honesty, wisdom, truth )

5.Before language ( Urdu, English, Arabic )

6.Before certain phrases ( at noon, by train, on foot )

Let’s practice!
 Let’s practice!

1. Ismael spoke to _________woman who had waved to him.

2. My mother bought me ________expensive watch.
3. Chery borrowed ______book from the library.
4. Ali wore _________new uniform to school.
5. Did you see _______new car which my father bought?
6. Kiran is _____Indian girl.
7. Singapore lies quite near to _______equator.
8. Humza has travelled across_______Atlantic Ocean.
 Let’s practice!
 Use a, an or the in each sentence.
1. Robert and Jessica went to party last night.
2. Can you tell me how to get to cinema from here?
3. college is closed today.
4. Gregory is one of strangest people I know.
5. I recommend you to try tomato soup at this restaurant.
6. Would you like to see film? film I saw yesterday was
excellent.
7. apple day keeps doctor away.
8. I can't believe I failed yesterday's test!
9. Do you have dictionary that I can borrow?
10. Magda is wearing blue dress with red shoes
 Let’s practice!
1. Jane went to the shop to buy bread.
2. Hania broke glass when she was washing-up.
3. This is easy question.
4. This is easiest exercise I have ever seen.
5. Stephen could you speak little louder.
6. May I have your phone number?
7. May I ask you question?
8. Astrid is best teacher in our school.
9. My girlfriend has my car today.
10. I went to sea during my summer holiday.
11. This is Joanna. She's doctor.
12. Is there cash machine near here?
 Let’s practice!
1. I am from Winchester, Hampshire.
2. Winchester is city in United Kingdom.
3. I live in town called Taunton which is on River Tone.
4. I live in house in quiet street in countryside.
5. street is called "Hudson Street" and
house is old - more than 100 years old!
6. I am English lecturer at college near center of town.
7. I like books, music and taking photographs.
8. I usually have lunch at college.
9. I usually go home by car.
10. We have all kinds of food in England.
THE END!!!