MAPEH

Reviewer
Music, Arts, Physical Education, Health
MUSIC
•Lesson 1: Medievel Period
•Lesson 2: Renaissance Period
Medievel Period
-The Medieval Period is also known as the Middle Ages or “The Dark
Ages.”
-During this time, the Christian Church was the center of Europe’s
culture and political affairs
-The Gregorian Chant became the most dominant form of music.
-Gregorian Chant is a monophonic plainchant and was named after
Pope Gregory I who approved this form of music for the Catholic
Church.
-During the latter part of the Medieval Period, secular music which was
not bound by the Catholic traditions started to emerge. Most of these
songs were performed across Europe by group of musicians called
Troubadours.
Medievel Period
-Famous Composer of the
Medieval Period: Adam de La
Halle- France (1237-1288)
-Adam de La Halle was also known
as Adam Le bossu
- He was the son of the well-
known citizen of Arras Henri de La
Halle
-Adam was one of the oldest
secular composers. Adam’s works include:
1. Le Jeu de Robin et de Marion
2. La Chanson du roi de Sicile
 The musical sheet below is a notated Gregorian
Chant written in Neume
Medievel Period
Words to Study:
• Free meter - 3/4, 2/4, 4/4, 4/8
Characteristics of Gregorian Chants:
• monophonic - Only one Melody
• free meter - Two Mellody
• modal - More than three Melody
• usually based on Latin Liturgy - A form
of sacred musical composition
• the use of Neume notation - A sign for
one or a group of successive musical
pitches
Medievel Period
What you need to know?
Troubadour Music:
• originated in France
• tells stories of chivalry and courtly love
• usually monophonic
• sometimes performed with improvised accompaniment
• generally written in French
Renaissance Period
- The term Renaissance comes from the word renaitre which means “rebirth”,
“revival” and “rediscovery”. This period can be traced back to the Golden Age of
Greece and Rome.
- Lute was the most prominent instrument of this period.
-The influence of Roman Catholic Church started to decline and new music genres
started to emerge.
-This period was also known as the “Golden Age” of a cappella music.
-Other historical facts during this era is the discovery of the actual position of the
Earth in the Solar system by Copernicus, the invention of the compass creating a
wider navigation not only of the lands but also the oceans, and Martin Luther’s
Protestant reformation.
Renaissance Period
Characteristics of Renaissance Music
• mostly polyphonic
• imitation among the voices in common
• melodic lines move in a flowing manner
• melodies are easier to perform because these move
along the scale with a few large leaps
Renaissance Period
Vocal Music
1. Mass- This is a form of sacred musical composition that
sets text of the Eucharistic liturgy into music.

Characteristics of Mass
• polyphonic
• may be sung in a cappella or with orchestral accompaniment
• text maybe syllabic (one note set to each syllable), neumatic
(a few notes set to one syllable) or melismatic (many
notes on one syllable)
Renaissance Period
Vocal Music
Five Sections of Mass:
a. Kyrie-Lord Have Mercy
b. Gloria- Glory to God in the Highest
c. Credo- Apostle’s Creed or Nicean Creed
d. Sanctus and Benedictus- Holy Holy and Blessed Is
He
e. Agnus Dei- Lamb of God
Renaissance Period
Vocal Music
2. Madrigal - This is a secular vocal polyphonic music composition
which originated from Italy. It was written and expressed in a poetic
text and sung during country social gathering. It is the most
important secular form during Renaissance period.
Characteristics of Madrigal
• polyphonic
• unaccompanied
• through composed
• frequently in 3-6 voices
ARTS
•Lesson 1: Paintings from Pre-Historic
Era,Ancient Egypt, and Classical Greek Era
•Lesson 2: Byzantine Paintings from the
Roman Era, Romanesque and Gothic
Lesson 1: PAINTINGSCave of Lascaux, 15000-10000 B.C. –
Stone Age
Paintings from the Pre-
historic Era
-Pre-historic era includes all human
existence before the emergence of
writing.
-Paintings were found inside the caves
which may have been people’s way of
communicating with each other.
The dominant features in the painting
- It may also be for religious or were large animals native in the region.
ceremonial purposes. It was discovered on September 12,
- Prehistoric drawings of animals were 1940 and given statutory historic
usually correct in proportion. monument protection.
Lesson 1: PAINTINGS
Paintings from Ancient Egypt
-The purpose of Egyptian paintings is to
make the afterlife place pleasant.
-Paintings emphasize the importance of
life after death and the preservation of
the knowledge of the past.
The paintings of the walls on the tomb
-Most paintings were highly stylized, shows events of the life of the king while he
symbolic, and shows profile view of an was still on earth and the scenes he expects
animal or a person. The main colors to encounter in the underworld after his
used were red, black, blue, gold and death
green which were taken from mineral
pigments that can withstand strong
sunlight without fading
Lesson 1: PAINTINGSMost common methods of Greek
painting:
Paintings from Classical
Greek Era
-Paintings during the classical era were
most commonly found in vases, panels
and tomb.
-Most of the subjects were battle
scenes, mythological figures, and
everyday scenes. It reveals a grasp of
linear perspective and naturalist
representation
1. Fresco- method of painting water-based
pigments on a freshly applied plaster
usually on a wall surface. Colors are made
with grind powder pigments in pure water,
dry and set with a plaster to become a
permanent part of the wall. It is ideal for
murals, durable and has a matte style
2. Encaustic– developed to use by Greek
ship builders, who used the hot wax to fill
the cracks of the ship. Soon pigments
(colors) were added and used to paint a
wax hull.
Lesson 1: PAINTINGS
Kerch Style
Shapes commonly found are:
1. pelike – a wine container
2. lekanis - a low bowl with two
horizontal handles and a low broad foot
Kerch Style,also referred to as
3. lebesgamikos – has high handles and
lid used to carry bridal bath Kerch Vases,is red-figured pottery
named after the place where it
4. krater – a bowl used for mixing
was found. Most common motifs
were mostly scenes from the life
of women
Lesson 1: PAINTINGS
Panel Painting
-There are paintings on flat panels of
wood. It can be either a small, single
piece or several panels joined together.
-Most of the subjects were battle
scenes, mythological figures, and
everyday scenes. It reveals a grasp of
linear perspective and naturalist
representation
Lesson 1: PAINTINGS
Tomb / Wall Painting
-Tomb or wall painting was very popular during
the classical period..
-It uses the method frescos either tempera
(water-based) or encaustic (wax).
-It has a sharp, flatly outlined style of painting
and because it uses water-based materials, very
few samples survived
-In tomb paintings, artists rely on the shade and
hues of paint to create depth and
life_x0002_like feeling
Lesson 2: PAINTINGS
Paintings from the Roman Era
- Most of the paintings in this era were copied or imitated from
Hellenic Greek
paintings. Fresco technique was used in brightly colored backgrounds;
division of the wall into a multiple rectangular area (tic-tac-toe design)
-Roman paintings have a wide variety of subjects, animals, everyday
life, still life, mythological subjects, portraits and landscapes.
Lesson 2: PAINTINGS
Mosaic
It is an art process where an
image is created using an
assemblage of small pieces of
colored glass, stones, or other
materials. This technique is used
for decorative art or interior
decorations
Lesson 2: PAINTINGS

Paintings from
the Medieval Era
Lesson 2: PAINTINGS
Byzantine Painting
The lively styles of paintings which
had been invented in Greek and
Rome lived on in Byzantium, but
this time for Christian subjects.
Lesson 2: PAINTINGS
Romanesque Painting
-These are largely placed mosaics
on the walls of the churches that
follows a strict frontal pose.
Lesson 2: PAINTINGS
Paintings from the Gothic Era
-Subjects usually depict popular legends
and love stories, patterns like “mille
fleur” or thousand flowers show
influence which may have been due to
the Crusades
-Paintings have been confined in the
illumination of manuscript pages and
the painting of frescoes on the walls of
churches in cosmopolitan style, elegant,
mannered and sophisticated
Lesson 2: PAINTINGS

Rose window from

the North transept,
about 1230
Lesson 2: PAINTINGS
Stained glass windows
were created to transform
the vast stone interiors with
warm and glowing color and
at the same time to instruct
Christians in their faith