Congruent Triangles

Congruence

• Two shapes are said to be congruent if they are the

same shape and size

• The shapes may be a reflection of each other, or be

rotated or translated
All of the angles
and side lengths
are the same
The Idea of a Congruence

Two geometric figures with

exactly the same size and
shape.
F

A C E D
 Corresponding Parts
You’ve learned that if all six pairs of
corresponding parts (sides and angles)
are congruent, then the triangles are
congruent.
B
1. AB  DE
2. BC  EF A
C
3. AC  DF
4.  A   D ABC   DEF
5.  B   E
E
6.  C   F F
D
Do you need all six ?

NO !
 Side-Side-Side (SSS)
B
E

A F
C D

1. AB  DE
2. BC  EF ABC   DEF
3. AC  DF
 B
What SSS Looks Like…
R
F
C
A

S: AB @ ED D P Q S
S: BC @ EF PRQ  SRQ
S: AC @ FD
S: PR @ SR
ABC  DEF
S: PQ @ SQ
S: RQ @ RQ
SAS Postulate – If two sides and the
included angle of one triangle are congruent
to two sides and the included angle of
another triangle, then the triangles are
congruent.
S – Side A – Angle S - Side
D
B S: AB @ FD
A: ÐB @ ÐD
S: BC @ DE
DCAB @ DEFD
A C F E
because of SAS
 Side-Angle-Side (SAS)
B
E

A F
C D

1. AB  DE
2. A   D ABC   DEF
3. AC  DF
included
angle
 Included Angle
The angle between two sides

G I H
What SAS Does NOT Look Like…
Y
T

X Z
W V

The angle pair that is marked congruent

MUST be in between the two congruent
sides to use SAS! There is NOT enough
information to determine whether these
triangles are congruent.
 Included Angle

Name the included angle:

E

YE and ES E
ES and YS S

Y S
YS and YE Y
 Y
What SAS Looks Like…
T
S: WT @ YZ
A: ÐW @ ÐZ
X
S: WV @ ZX Z
W
V
YZX  TWV
L M

S: MN @ PN
N LMN  QPN
A: ÐLNM @ ÐQNP
S: LN @ QN
P Q
 Angle-Side-Angle (ASA)
B
E

A F
C D

1. A   D
2. AB  DE ABC   DEF
3.  B   E
include
d
side
ASA Postulate – If two angles and the
included side of one triangle are congruent
to two angles and the included side of
another triangle, then the triangles are
congruent.
A – Angle S – Side A - Angle
B
D A: ÐB @ ÐD
S: AB @ FD
A: ÐA @ ÐF
DACB @ DFED
A C F E because of ASA
 Included Side
The side between two angles

GI HI GH
 Included Side

Name the included angle:

E

Y and E YE
E and S ES
Y S S and Y SY
What ASA Looks Like…
D H
A: ÐN @ ÐR
S: MN @ PR
A: ÐM @ ÐP
Q
MNL  PRQ
F G J L
FDG  JHG

A: ÐD @ ÐH P
R
S: DG @ HG
A: ÐDGF @ ÐHGJ M N
What ASA Does NOT Look Like…
L Q

M N P R

The pair of sides pair that are

marked congruent MUST be in
between the two congruent angles
to use ASA!
Warning: No SSA Postulate

There is no such
thing as an SSA
postulate!

B E

F
A C
D

NOT CONGRUENT
Warning: No AAA Postulate
There is no such
thing as an AAA
postulate!

E
B

A C F
D

NOT CONGRUENT
The Congruence Postulates
 SSS correspondence
 ASA correspondence
 SAS correspondence
 AAS correspondence
 SSA correspondence
 AAA correspondence
Name That Postulate
(when possible)

SAS
ASA

SSA SSS
 Name That Postulate
(when possible)

AAA
ASA

SAS SSA
 Name That Postulate
(when possible)

Vertical
Angles
Reflexive
Property SAS SAS

Vertical Reflexive
Angles SAS Property SSA
HW: Name That Postulate
(when possible)
HW: Name That Postulate
(when possible)
 Let’s Practice
Indicate the additional information needed
to enable us to apply the specified
congruence postulate.

For ASA: B  D
For SAS: AC  FE
For AAS: A  F
 HW
Indicate the additional information needed
to enable us to apply the specified
congruence postulate.

For ASA:

For SAS:

For AAS: