Pyramids of Giza

Statue of Zeus

Temple of Diana at Ephesus

On a cable stayed bridge the cables
attached to each tower transfer the
weight of the roadway to the tower.

You can see from the smaller diagram

that the cables balance the weight
of the roadway on both sides of
each tower.

In the diagrams what type of angles are

formed by each individual cable
with the tower and roadway?

What do you notice about the triangles

on opposite sides of the towers?

Why is that so important?

We can find triangles everywhere:
In nature In man-made structures

Replay
Slide
Classifying Triangles
 Equilateral Isosceles Scalene

3 congruent sides At least 2 congruent sides No congruent sides

 Equilangular Acute Obtuse

3 congruent angles 3 acute angles 1 obtuse angle

Right
1 right angle
Vertex: the point where two sides of a triangle
meet
Adjacent Sides: two sides of a triangle sharing
a common vertex
Hypotenuse: side of the triangle across from
the right angle
Legs: sides of the right triangle that form
the right angle
Base: the non-congruent sides of an
isosceles triangle
Label the following on
the right triangle: Vertex
Vertices
Hypotenuse Hypotenuse
Legs
Leg

Vertex
Vertex Leg
Label the following on the
isosceles triangle:

 Base Adjacent Adjacent

side Side
 Congruent adjacent sides
 Legs
Leg Leg

m<1 = m<A + m<B Base

Interior Angles:
angles inside the
triangle 2

(angles A, B, and C) B

1
A
 Exterior Angles: C

angles adjacent to the 3

interior angles
(angles 1, 2, and 3)
The sum of the B
measures of the
interior angles of a
triangle is 180o.

A C

<A + <B + <C = 180o

 The measure of an
exterior angle of a
triangle is equal to the
B
sum of the measures of
two nonadjacent
A 1 interior angles.

m<1 = m <A + m <B

The acute
angles of a right
triangle are B
complementary.
A

m<A + m<B = 90o

If Δ ABC is  to Δ
XYZ, which angle is
 to C?
 A
Reflexive prop of Δ  - Every Δ
is  to itself (ΔABC  ΔABC).
B
Symmetric prop of Δ  - If
ΔABC  ΔPQR, then ΔPQR 
ΔABC.
C
Transitive prop of Δ  - If P
ΔABC  ΔPQR & ΔPQR  Q
ΔXYZ, then ΔABC  ΔXYZ.
R

Z
 N
R

92o
Q

92o

P M
Statements Reasons
1. 1. given
2. mP=mN 2. subst. prop =
3. P  N 3. def of  s
4. RQP  MQN 4. vert s thm
5. R  M 5. 3rd s thm
6. ΔRQP  Δ MQN 6. def of  Δs
 Corresponding Parts
In Lesson 4.2, you learned that if all six
pairs of corresponding parts (sides and
angles) are congruent, then the
triangles are congruent.
B
1. AB  DE
2. BC  EF A
C
3. AC  DF
4.  A   D
ABC   DEF
5.  B   E
E
6.  C   F F
D
If all the sides of one triangle are congruent to all
of the sides of a second triangle, then the triangles
are congruent. (SSS)
Use the SSS Postulate to show the two triangles
are congruent. Find the length of each side.

AC = 5
BC = 7
AB = 5  7  74
2 2

MO = 5
NO = 7
MN = 52  7 2  74
VABC VMNO
 J

 K is the angle between

JK and KL. It is called the
K
included angle of sides JK
L
and KL.

What is the included angle J

for sides KL and JL?

L
K
L
 If two sides and the included angle of one triangle
are congruent to two sides and the included angle
of a second triangle, Lthen the triangles are
congruent. (SAS)
S
A S P Q
J A
K
S S

VJKL VPQR by SAS R

 K
L
Given: N is the midpoint of LW
N
N is the midpoint of SK
Prove: VLNS VWNK W
S

N is the midpoint of LW Given

N is the midpoint of SK

LN  NW , SN  NK Definition of Midpoint

LNS WNK Vertical Angles are congruent

VLNS VWNK SAS Postulate
 J
JK is the side between
 J and  K. It is called
J the
included side of angles J
K
and K.
L

K
What is the included side L
for angles K and L?

KL
 If two angles and the included side of one triangle
are congruent to two angles and the included side
of a second triangle, then the triangles are
congruent. (ASA)
J X
Y

K
L
Z
VJKL VZXY by ASA
 H
A

Given: HA || KS W
AW WK
K
Prove: VHAW VSKW S

HA || KS, AW WK Given

HAW SKW Alt. Int. Angles are congruent

HWA SWK Vertical Angles are congruent

VHAW VSKW ASA Postulate

Identify the congruent triangles (if any). State the
postulate by which the triangles are congruent.
A
J
R

B H I
C
S T
K O
U

M L P N V W

VABC VSTR by SSS Note: VJHI is not

VPNO VVUW by SAS SSS, SAS, or ASA.
 Q P

Given: QM || PO,QM  MO
QM  PO, MO has midpoint N
Prove: QN  PN M N O

QM || PO, QM  MO
Given
QM  PO

PO  MO A line  to one of two || lines is  to the other line.

mQMN  90o Perpendicular lines intersect at 4 right

angles.
mPON  90o
QMN PON Substitution, Def of Congruent Angles
Definition of Midpoint
VQMN VPON SAS

QN  PN CPCTC
If two angles and a non included side of one triangle
are congruent to two angles and non included side of
a second triangle, then the two triangles are
congruent.
Do you need all six ?

NO !

SSS
SAS
ASA
AAS
 Solve a real-world problem

Structural Support

Explain why the bench with the diagonal support is

stable, while the one without the support can collapse.
Warning: No SSA Postulate

There is no such
thing as an SSA
postulate!

B E

F
A C
D

NOT CONGRUENT
Warning: No AAA Postulate
There is no such
thing as an AAA
postulate!

E
B

A C F
D

NOT CONGRUENT
Tell whether you can use the
given information at determine
whether
ABC   DEF

A  D, ABDE, ACDF

AB  EF, BC  FD, AC DE

The Congruence Postulates &
Theorem
 SSS correspondence

 ASA correspondence

 SAS correspondence

 AAS correspondence

 SSA correspondence

 AAA correspondence
Name That Postulate
(when possible)

SAS
ASA

SSA SSS
 Name That Postulate
(when possible)

AAA
ASA

SAS SSA
Name That Postulate
(when possible)

SAS SAS

SAS SSA
HW: Name That Postulate
(when possible)
 Closure
Indicate the additional information needed to
enable us to apply the specified congruence
postulate.

For ASA:

For SAS:

For AAS:
 Let’s Practice
Indicate the additional information needed to
enable us to apply the specified congruence
postulate.

For ASA: B  D
For SAS: AC  FE
For AAS: A  F
 J

S 0 H
The two angles in an isosceles triangle adjacent to the
base of the triangle are called base angles.
The angle opposite the base is called the vertex angle.

x Angle
Verte

Base Angle Base Angle

 If two sides of a triangle
A
are congruent, then the
angles opposite them are
congruent.

If AB  AC , thenB  C

C B
 If two angles of a triangle
are congruent, then the
sides opposite them are
congruent.

IfB  C , then AB  AC
If a triangle is equilateral, then it is equiangular.
If a triangle is equiangular, then it is equilateral.
 IsA  B ?
C
A
C
B
A

A B C B

Yes
Yes No
 If the hypotenuse and a A D
leg of a right triangle are
congruent to the
hypotenuse and a leg of a
second right triangle,
then the two triangles B C E F
are congruent.

If BC  EF and AC  DF , thenABC  DEF

  Find the measure of the missing angles and tell
which theorems you used. B

A 50° C
A C

m  B=80° m  A=60°
(Base Angle Theorem) m  B=60°
m  C=50° m  C=60°
(Triangle Sum (Corollary to the Base
Theorem) Angles Theorem)
Is there enough information to prove the triangles are
congruent?
S
T

U
R V
No Yes No