03/26/20

A one-to-one correspondence can be established

between the vertices of two given triangles.
In the figure, ∠𝐶 can be matched with ∠𝑅, ∠𝐴 with ∠𝑃
and ∠𝐵 with ∠𝑄. Thus, this will follow:
Corresponding Corresponding
Angles Sides
1) ∠𝐴 ↔ ∠𝑃 1) 𝐴𝐵 ↔ 𝑃𝑄
2) ∠𝐵 ↔ ∠𝑄 2) 𝐵𝐶 ↔ 𝑄𝑅
3) ∠𝐶 ↔ ∠𝑅 3) 𝐴𝐶 ↔ 𝑃𝑅
Therefore, ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ↔ ∆𝑃𝑄𝑅 which is
read as “triangle ABC corresponds
to triangle PQR.”
On the other hand, ∠𝐶 can be matched with ∠𝑃, ∠𝐴
with ∠𝑄 and ∠𝐵 with ∠𝑅. Thus, this will follow:
Corresponding Corresponding
Angles Sides
1) ∠𝐴 ↔ ∠𝑄 1) 𝐴𝐵 ↔ 𝑄𝑅
2) ∠𝐵 ↔ ∠𝑅 2) 𝐵𝐶 ↔ 𝑅𝑃
3) ∠𝐶 ↔ ∠𝑃 3) 𝐴𝐶 ↔ 𝑄𝑃
Therefore, ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ↔ ∆𝑄𝑅𝑃 which is
read as “triangle ABC corresponds
to triangle QRP.”
 In short, one-to-one correspondence implies
that each vertex of a polygon should
correspond/match to one distinct vertex of the
other polygon. Thus, ∠𝐴 of the first triangle
cannot be paired with ∠𝑃 and ∠𝑄 of the
second triangle at the same time.
 Also, the sides containing the corresponding
vertices should also correspond to each other.
That is, if ∠𝐴 ↔ ∠𝑃 and ∠𝐵 ↔ ∠𝑄, then the side
containing A and B which is 𝐴𝐵 corresponds to
the side containing P and Q which is 𝑃𝑄
(𝐴𝐵 ↔ 𝑃𝑄)
As shown below, this correspondence can be done:
Corresponding Corresponding
Angles Sides
1) ∠𝐴 ↔ ∠𝐷 1) 𝐴𝐵 ↔ 𝐷𝐸

2) ∠𝐵 ↔ ∠𝐸 2) 𝐵𝐶 ↔ 𝐸𝐹

3) ∠𝐶 ↔ ∠𝐹 3) 𝐴𝐶 ↔ 𝐷𝐹
 Corresponding Corresponding
Angles Sides
1) ∠𝐴 ↔ ∠𝐷 1) 𝐴𝐵 ↔ 𝐷𝐸
2) ∠𝐵 ↔ ∠𝐸 2) 𝐵𝐶 ↔ 𝐸𝐹
3) ∠𝐶 ↔ ∠𝐹 3) 𝐴𝐶 ↔ 𝐷𝐹

Notice that the corresponding angles and sides of

the two triangles are congruent (the symbols
encircled on the figures are used to indicate that they
have equal measurements, they are congruent).
Thus, the two triangles are congruent.
Two triangles are congruent if their
corresponding parts are congruent.

a) Corresponding angles are congruent

b) Corresponding sides are congruent
Given the two triangles, this correspondence can
be done:
Corresponding Corresponding
Angles Sides

1) ∠𝐴 ↔ ∠𝑃 1) 𝐴𝐵 ↔ 𝑃𝑀

2) ∠𝐵 ↔ ∠𝑀 2) 𝐵𝐶 ↔ 𝑀𝑁

3) ∠𝐶 ↔ ∠𝑁 3) 𝐴𝐶 ↔ 𝑃𝑁
 Corresponding Corresponding
Angles Sides
1) ∠𝐴 ↔ ∠𝑃 1) 𝐴𝐵 ↔ 𝑃𝑀
72° = 72° 6 𝑐𝑚 = 6 𝑐𝑚
∠𝐴 ≅ ∠𝑃 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝑃𝑀
2) ∠𝐵 ↔ ∠𝑀 2) 𝐵𝐶 ↔ 𝑀𝑁
49° = 49° 5 𝑐𝑚 = 5 𝑐𝑚
Therefore, ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝑃𝑀𝑁. ∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝑀 𝐵𝐶 ≅ 𝑀𝑁
(IT IS NOT THE SAME AS 3) ∠𝐶 ↔ ∠𝑁 3) 𝐴𝐶 ↔ 𝑃𝑁
∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝑁𝑃𝑀 . THE 59° = 59° 3 𝑐𝑚 = 3 𝑐𝑚
CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN
∠𝐶 ≅ ∠𝑁 𝐴𝐶 ≅ 𝑃𝑁
THE VERTICES MUST BE
FOLLOWED.)
Congruence for triangles are
reflexive, symmetric and transitive.
Congruence for triangles are reflexive,
symmetric and transitive.

Reflexive: A triangle is always congruent to

itself.
∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶
Congruence for triangles are reflexive,
symmetric and transitive.

Symmetric:

If ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹, then ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹 ≅ ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶.

Congruence for triangles are reflexive,
symmetric and transitive.

Transitive: If the 1st triangle is congruent to the 2nd triangle

and the 2nd triangle is congruent to the 3rd triangle, then the 1st
triangle is congruent to the 3rd triangle.

If ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹 and ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹 ≅ ∆𝑋𝑌𝑍 , then

∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝑋𝑌𝑍.
To prove that two triangles are congruent, it is NOT
NECESSARY to show that all their corresponding parts
are congruent using the following postulates/theorem:

1) SSS Congruence Postulate

2) SAS Congruence Postulate
3) ASA Congruence Postulate
4) SAA Theorem
If three sides of one triangle are congruent to
three sides of another triangle, then the
triangles are congruent.
For the correspondence between the
vertices, note that with the 2
triangles,
 Between 8 and 9 are G & C
 Between 9 and 10 are E & B
 Between 8 and 10 are F & A
and
1) 8 = 8, AC ≅ FG (S)
2) 9 = 9, CB ≅ GE (S)
3) 10 = 10, AB ≅ FE (S)
Therefore, ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐹𝐸𝐺.
 Statements Reasons

1. 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐴𝐷 (S) 1. Given

2. 𝐵𝐶 ≅ 𝐷𝐶 (S) 2. Given

3. 𝐴𝐶 ≅ 𝐴𝐶 (S) 3. Reflexive Property

of Congruence
4. SSS Congruence
4. ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐴𝐷𝐶
Postulate
If two sides and the included angle of one
triangle are congruent to two sides and the
included angle of another triangle, then the
triangles are congruent.
(The included
angle is the angle
between the two
sides.)
For the correspondence between the
vertices, note that with the 2
triangles,
 Between 8 and 12 are A & F
 Between 8 and unknown are C & G
 Between 12 and unknown are B & E
and
1) 8 = 8, AC ≅ FG (S)
2) 42° = 42°, ∠A ≅ ∠𝐹 (A)
3) 12 = 12, AB ≅ FE (S)
Therefore, ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐹𝐸𝐺.
 Statements Reasons
1. 𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝐶𝐷 (S)
1. Given
𝐴𝐵 ⊥ 𝐵𝐷
2. Definition of
2. ∠𝐵 is a right angle
Perpendicular

3.𝐶𝐷 ⊥ 𝐵𝐷 3. Given
4. Definition of
4. ∠𝐷 is a right angle
Perpendicular
5. All right angles are
5. ∠𝐵 ≅ ∠𝐷 (A)
congruent.

6. E is the midpoint of 𝐵𝐷 6. Given

7. 𝐵𝐸 ≅ 𝐷𝐸 (S) 7. Definition of Midpoint

8. SAS Congruence
8. ∆𝐴𝐵𝐸 ≅ ∆𝐶𝐷𝐸
Postulate
If two angles and the included side of one
triangle are congruent to two angles and the
included side of another triangle, then the
triangles are congruent.
(The included
side is the side
between the two
angles.)
For the correspondence between the
vertices, note that with the 2
triangles,
 A and D have the same measures
 B and E have the same measures
 C and F have the unknown measures
and
1) 23° = 23°, ∠A ≅ ∠𝐷 (A)
2) 8.9 = 8.9, AB ≅ DE (S)
3) 124° = 124°, ∠B ≅ ∠𝐸 (A)
Therefore, ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹.
 Statements Reasons
1. ∠𝐴 ≅ ∠𝐷 (A)
𝐴𝐶 ≅ 𝐷𝐸 (S) 1. Given
𝐴𝐶 ⊥ 𝐶𝐵 & 𝐷𝐸 ⊥ 𝐸𝐵
2. ∠𝐶 & ∠𝐸 are right angles. 2. Definition of
Perpendicularity

3.∠𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐸 (A) 3. All right angles

are congruent.
4. ASA
4. ∆𝐴𝐶𝐵 ≅ ∆𝐷𝐸𝐵 Congruence
Postulate
If two angles and the nonincluded side of one
triangle are congruent to two angles and the
nonincluded side of another triangle, then the
triangles are congruent.
(The nonincluded
side is the side
not in between of the
two angles.)
For the correspondence between the
vertices, note that with the 2
triangles,
 A and D have the same measures
 B and E have the same measures
 C and F have the unknown measures
and
1) 42° = 42°, ∠A ≅ ∠𝐷 (A)
2) 76° = 76°, ∠B ≅ ∠𝐸 (A)
3) 15 = 15, A𝐶 ≅ D𝐹 (S)
Therefore, ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹.
 Statements Reasons

1. 𝐴𝐶 ∥ 𝐶𝐵 1. Given
2. If two parallel lines are
2. ∠𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐷 (A) cut by a transversal, then
their alternate interior
angles are congruent.

3.∠𝐴𝐸𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐵𝐸𝐷 (A) 3. Vertical angles

are congruent.

4. 𝐴𝐶 ≅ 𝐵𝐷 4. Given

4. AAS
5. ∆𝐴𝐶𝐸 ≅ ∆𝐵𝐷𝐸 Congruence
Theorem