CRT, Vector & Raster Graphics,

Line Drawing algorithms

Dr. Gargi Srivastava

How does the monitor work?
● Signals from your computer’s video card are loaded into three electron guns at the base of the monitor.
● There is one gun for each of three colors red blue and green.
● These three colors when mixed together can create all the colors you see on your screen.
● They shoot a powerful beam of electrons towards the face of the monitor.
● The beams pass through the deflection yoke.
● It uses magnetism to bend the electronic beams so they can sweep across the entire screen and create the picture we
see.
What happens once the beams have swept your monitor?

● Special chemical phosphors are painted on the inside of the monitor.

● Energy from the electron beams makes the individual phosphorus glow either red blue or green depending on the
type of phosphor.
● The stronger the electron beam the brighter the phosphorus glow.
● A sheet of metal with holes in it helps keep the electron beams aligned exactly with the phosphors. This is called a
shadow mask.
● The beams sweep across the entire screen 60 times per second.
● It happens so quickly that you are unaware of the firing process instead your screen appears to be a steady
continuous image.
Vector & Raster Graphics
● Vector graphics and raster graphics are two basic types of digital images.
● The vector image looks clear and undistorted
because it's made up of points, lines, curves, and
basic shapes.
● These elements are calculated for every level of
scale so the image quality stays the same regardless
of size.
● ● Vector images are generally less detailed because
The raster image is grainy and distorted because it's
made up of a bunch of small units called pixels. they're composed of basic elements.
● ● Vector image file sizes are relatively small because
Zooming in makes the pixels a lot more obvious.
they contain just the mathematical instructions for
creating the image not the actual visual elements
themselves.
● In a raster image the more pixels there are the
greater the level of possible detail.
● But more pixels also results in larger file sizes.
● Designs such as logos and signage are typically vector images because large scaling is often necessary for printing
images with a high level of realism and detail such as photos and digital paintings tend to be raster images.
Common file types for each kind of image

Vector

Raster
DDA line drawing algorithm
● Digital Differential Analyzer
● Used for drawing a line
● Basic algorithm for drawing a line

❖ What is a line?
❖ What are line equations?
❖ What is meant by slope of a line?
❖ Examples for drawing a line that will help us to understand DDA
❖ DDA algorithm
θ