Synchronous Motor

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References:
Electric Machinery Fundamentals (Chapter
5) Stephen J. Chapman 1
 Basic Principles of Motor
Operation
• (Topic
The field current I of the motor
f produces a5.1)
steady-state
magnetic field Br.
• A three-phase set of voltages is applied to the
stator (armature winding), which produces a three phase
current flow in the windings.
• These three-phase set of currents produces a uniform rotating
magnetic field Bs.
• Now, there are two magnetic field present in the
machine. The rotor field will tend to line up with the stator
field, just as two bar magnets will tend to line up if placed
near each other.
• The rotor chases the rotating stator magnetic field around in a
circle, never quite catching up with it.
• The larger the angle between the two magnetic field,
the greater the torque induced on the motor of the machine.

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 The Equivalent circuit of a
Synchronous Motor
• A synchronous motor is the same physical machine as a synchronous generator.
• So, all of the basic speed, power and torque equations of a synchronous generator apply to
a synchronous motor.
• However, the direction of power flow is reversed.
• So, the direction of current flow also reverses.
• Therefore, the equivalent circuit of a synchronous motor is exactly the same as the
equivalent circuit of a synchronous generator, except the direction of the
reference
armature current is reversed.
• Kirchoff’s voltage law equation for the equivalent circuit yields

This is the same as the equation for a generator except the sign on the current term has been
reversed.
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 The Equivalent circuit of a
Synchronous Motor

Figure 5-2
(a)The full equivalent circuit of a three-phase synchronous motor, (b) The per-phase equivalent
circuit

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The Synchronous Motor from a
Magnetic Field Perspective

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The Synchronous Motor from a
Magnetic Field Perspective

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Synchronous Motor Torque-Speed
Characteristic Curve

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Synchronous Motor Torque-Speed
Characteristic Curve

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Synchronous Motor Torque-Speed
Characteristic Curve

Slipping Poles

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The Effect of Load Changes on a
Synchronous Motor

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The Effect of Load Changes on a
Synchronous Motor

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 The Effect of Field Current
Changes on a Synchronous Motor

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 The Effect of Field Current
Changes on a Synchronous Motor

V curve of Synchronous Motor

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 The Effect of Field Current
Changes on a Synchronous Motor

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Math( Ex 5-1)

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Math ( Ex 5-1)

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Math ( Ex 5-1)

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Math ( Ex 5-1)

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Math ( Ex 5-1)

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Math ( Ex 5-2)

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Math ( Ex 5-2)

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Math ( Ex 5-2)

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Math ( Ex 5-2)

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Math ( Ex 5-2)

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The Synchronous Capacitor or
Synchronous Condenser

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The Synchronous Capacitor or
Synchronous Condenser
2

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The Synchronous Capacitor or
Synchronous Condenser

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Starting Synchronous Motor

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Starting Synchronous Motor

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Starting Synchronous Motor

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Starting Synchronous Motor

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Starting Synchronous Motor

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