LOG PERIODIC ARRAY

A log periodic antenna is an antenna having a

structutal geometry such that it’s impedance and
radiation characteristics repeat periodically as the
logarithm of frequency
LOG PERIODIC ARRAY
 It consists of a sequence of side-by-side parallel linear
dipoles forming a coplanar array
 Frequency independent

 the lengths, spacings , diameters of the log-periodic array

increase logarithmically as defined by the inverse of the
geometric ratio τ
 Straight lines through the dipole ends meet to form an
angle 2α which is a characteristic of frequency
independent structures
 It was recognized that by mechanically crisscrossing or
transposing the feed between adjacent elements a 180◦
phase is added to the terminal of each element.
 Phase between the adjacent closely spaced short
elements is almost in opposition, very little energy is
radiated by them and their interference effects are
negligible
 However , the longer and larger spaced elements radiate
 The mechanical phase reversal between these elements
produces a phase progression so that the energy is
beamed end fire in the direction of the shorter elements
 The most active elements for this feed arrangement are
those that are near resonant with a combined radiation
pattern toward the vertex of the array.
 Terminated ends in either direction determine the high
and low cutoff frequencies
 The cutoff frequencies of the truncated structure can be
determined by the electrical lengths of the longest and
shortest elements of the structure.
 The lower cutoff frequency occurs approximately when
the longest element is λ/2
 the higher cutoff frequency occurs when the shortest
element is nearly λ/2 .
 The role of active elements is passed from the longer to
the shorter elements as the frequency increases
 Repetitive variation observed in the graph of input
impedance and frequency for the log periodic antenna
 Active region
( Antenna length = λ/2 ) : In the region, the dipole
lengths are approximately resonant length λ/2 .

 Inactive transmission line region

( Antenna length < λ/2 ) : In the region antenna elements
are shorter than the resonant length , λ/2
 Inactive reflective region

( Antenna length > λ/2 ) : In the region antenna

elements are longer than the resonant length , λ/2
THANK YOU