REVIEW TIME!

LO 1. Perform estimation

The Nutrients: Pearson Square Method:

1. Draw a square and write the desired
1. Water
protein percentage at the center.
2. Carbohydrates 2. Write the ingredients and their protein
3. Proteins content on the upper and lower left hand
corners.
4. Fats
3. Subtract diagonally the lower from the
5. Minerals higher value. Write the answer at the
6. Vitamins opposite corner of the square.
4. The proportions can be changed into
kilogram per 100kg mixture by dividing
each of the figures in the right hand by its
total.
 Activity Sheet No. 2.1
1. You wish to mix your own feeds using two of the most available
feed ingredient in your place which is the ipil-ipil leaf meal and rice
bran D1. You decided to compound 50kg for your finishing hog
which has a CP requirement of 14%. How much of each ingredients
should you used to satisfy the protein requirement of your animal?
Use the Pearson Square Method to solve the problem.
Rice bran D1 13.5 8 Rice bran D1 22.0-14=8
13.5-14=0.5
14%

Ipil-ipil leaf meal 22.0 0.5 Ipil-ipil leaf meal

8.5
 22.0-14 = 8
13.5-14 = 0.5
8.5
The proportions:
8/8.5 x 100 = 94.11 or 94.0 kg rice bran
0.5/8.5 x 100 = 5.88 or 6.0 kg Ipil-ipil leaf meal
100.0 kg
 Self-Check No. 2.1 (Page 39)
I. (For those with books) Write the letter of your choice on
the blank before each number. (For those without books)
Write only the letter of your answer on your notebook.

1. It is a substance that is essential for body maintenance,

growth, reproduction, and lactation.
a. carbohyrate
b. nutrient
c. water
d. protein
 Self-Check No. 2.1 (Page 39)
I. (For those with books) Write the letter of your choice on
the blank before each number. (For those without books)
Write only the letter of your answer on your notebook.

2. An individual needs food/feed for the following reasons

except:
a. adaptability
b. body maintenance
c. growth
d. reproduction
 Self-Check No. 2.1 (Page 39)
I. (For those with books) Write the letter of your choice on
the blank before each number. (For those without books)
Write only the letter of your answer on your notebook.

3. These nutrients are important constituents of bones and

soft tissues.
a. carbohyrates
b. fats
c. minerals
d. vitamins
 Self-Check No. 2.1 (Page 39)
I. (For those with books) Write the letter of your choice on
the blank before each number. (For those without books)
Write only the letter of your answer on your notebook.

4. The following are sources of energy except:

a. rice bran
b. copra meal
c. wheat pollard
d. cassava meal
 Self-Check No. 2.1 (Page 39)
I. (For those with books) Write the letter of your choice on
the blank before each number. (For those without books)
Write only the letter of your answer on your notebook.

5. The choices below are sources of protein except:

a. corn bran
b. soybean meal
c. fish meal
d. skim milk
 Self-Check No. 2.1 (Page 40)

II. Enumerate the following:

1. What are the different nutrient needed by the animal’s
body?

2. Identify five known energy source and five (5) protein

rich ingredients.
 A. Types of Feed

• There are three types of feed available in the market.

Each type differs in the proportion of nutrients in the feed.
• The change in nutrient proportion is important to address
the needs of the pig at different stages of growth.
• The shift from one ration to another should be done
gradually in order not to upset the normal feeding
behavior of the pigs.
• Always allow a transition period of at least one week.
 1. Starter Feed

• A starter feed is given to

10 to 20 kgs. weaners
until the pigs are about
three months old and
weigh 30 to 35 kgs.
• A starter feed contains 18
percent crude protein (CP)
and 3,250 kilocalories
(Kca/j) of digestible energy
(DE).
 2. Grower Feed

• Next to starter feed is the

grower feed. This is given
until the pigs reach a
weight of 60 kgs.
• Grower ration contains 16
percent CP and 3,200 Kcal
DE.
 3. Finisher Feed

• At 60 kgs, the pigs‘ ration

is shifted to finisher feed. It
is given to finisher pig
up to 80 to 90 kgs ready
for the market.
• The ration contains 14
percent CP with 3,200
Kcal DE.
 B. Feeding Methods

• The growth performance of the pigs is not only affected by

the quantity and quality of feed given but also by the
methods of feeding.
• The three basic feeding methods for finishers are
restricted feeding, ad libitum, and combination of ad
libitum and restricted.
• The level of feeding can vary from restricted feeding
(about 80% satisfaction) to ad libutum level (100%
satisfaction).
To determine the FCR or Feed Conversion Ration we
must use the formula below:
 Broilers Requirements:

A. The following space requirements may serve as guide

1. Day-old to three weeks 0.3 sq.ft./chick

2. 3 weeks to 4 weeks 0.5 sq.ft/chick
3. 5 weeks to market age 1.0 sq.ft./bird
 Broilers Requirements:

B. Recommended Minimum Feeding Space Requirements

1. Day-old to 4 weeks 2.5 to 5 cm./bird

2. 4 weeks to 8 weeks 5 to 6.5 cm./bird
3. 9 weeks to near laying age 7.5 to 9 cm./bird
 Broilers Requirements:

C. Recommended Minimum Watering Space Requirements

1. Day-old to 4 weeks 0.5 cm./bird or two 1-gal. drinking

fountains/100 birds
2. 4 weeks to 8 weeks 0.6 to 1 cm./bird or two 2-gal
drinking fountains/l00 birds
3. 9 weeks to near laying age 1 to 2 cm./bird or four 2-gal
drinking fountains/100 birds
Recommended Brooding Temperature for Broilers
 LO 2. Perform basic
workplace calculation
Objectives: At the end of this information sheet, you
should be able to:

• Identify calculations to be made according to the job

requirement
• Employ different techniques in checking accuracy of result
• One of the fundamentals in animal production is to
keep record accurately. This will help the raiser to
analyze the production performance of the project. In the
same manner that record keeping could easily point out
problems relative to management of the operation.
ANALYZE RECORDS KEPT IN POULTRY PRODUCTION
ENTERPRISE
• The analysis of production should be simple to suit the
needs of backyard and small scale poultry raisers.
Expenses such as depreciation cost and the use of
poultry house and interest on capital are not included in
the following sample analysis.
• This exercise is designed for you to acquire first-hand
information on the basic requirements and financial gains
in raising poultry.
 A. INPUTS IN PRODUCTION
• In broiler production prospective investors should consider the following
consideration before going into the business venture.
1. Costs
  Housing and brooder facilities
  Day-old broiler chicks
  Broiler feeds
  Veterinary vaccines, medicines and supplements
  Water
  Heat and light
  Labor
 Depreciation
  Interest on capital invested
2. Returns
 Sales of broilers
 Sale of chicken manure to vegetable growers or
fishpond owners
 Sale of good-condition empty feed bags
Computing a Sample Gathered Data in Broiler Production

Mr. Lucas has the following data in his broiler project:

Stocks: 100 chicks
Total production cost
 cost of chick per head @P20.00 P 2,000.00
 cost of feeds P 8,000.00
 medicine and antibiotics P 1,000.00
 miscellaneous(electricity, water, labor) P 2,000.00
Total P 13.000.00
  _ Ninety five broilers are ready for market
  _ Average weight per broiler is 1.5 kg.
  _ Cost of live weight per kg. is P 120.00
  _ The total cost of production is P 13, 000.00
  _ Mortality rate of 5% (95 heads)

95 X 1.5 = 142.5 kilograms X 120.00 = 17,100.00

Total Gross sales ------------------- P 17,100
Less Cost of Production --------- P 13,000

Net Income ----------------- P4,100.00

To get ROI or Return on Investment:

0.3154
Note: to get the mortality rate consider the formula below;
 Project Proposal on Broiler Production
Instructions:
1. Prepare a simple project proposal with cost estimate of materials
needed, cost of labor including schedule of activity to complete the
project by computing gathered Data in Broiler Production.
2. Please take note that you will use the current price prevailing in the
locality, compute the expected outputs and gain. See and be guided
by the listed items below for your computation.
3. Assuming that the duration of the construction is 5 days, and you
need to hire two (2) laborers, make a computation of the total labor
cost, including the detailed scope of works using the schedule of
activity below.
4. Submit your project proposal to your teacher for checking and
recording purposes.
 ITEMS FOR COMPUTATION

I. EXPENSES
II. RECEIPTS FROM SALES
III. STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS
 I. EXPENSES
1. Cost of 105 heads of “day-old chicks” at P---------- each P-----
2. Cost of feeds
• 2.1--------- kilograms of booster at P-------- per kg. ---------
• 2.2 -------- kilograms of starter at P ------- per kg. ---------
• 2.3 ------- kilograms of finisher at P -------- per kg. ------------
3. Cost of vaccines and supplements ---------P -----------
4. Cost of light and heat ---------------------- P------------
5. Cost of water -------------------------------- P -----------
6. Others ----------------------------------------- P ----------- (this include
labor cost = P300/day)
 II. RECEIPTS FROM SALES
1. Total sale of ____ kg. (live weight) at ____ per kg. ____P _________
2. Sale of ___ empty bags of feeds at P __per bag _____ P__________
3. Sale of bags of manure at P _________per bag ______ P__________

III. STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS

Average live weight of broiler is 1.75 kg.
Broiler Cost per kilogram (live weight) is P 98.00
TOTAL SALES ______________________
LESS EXPENSE ______________________
RETURN ON INVESTMENTS (ROI) ___________________________
 Performance Criteria Checklist
Do the student/s YES NO N/A
1. submitted the project proposal
2. identified calculations to be made according to job
requirement
3. determined correct method of calculation
4. ascertained systems and units of measurement to be
followed
5. performed calculations needed to complete work task
using the four basic mathematical operations
6. used appropriate operations to comply with the
instructions
7. reviewed and thoroughly checked results obtained

Accuracy: 50%
Organization: 50%
100%
 Self-Check No. 2.2

1. One of the fundamentals in animal production is to keep

record accurately, for the purpose of ____________.

a. cutting the cost of feeds

b. keeping all the animals intact
c. knowing the existing price of the product
d. showing it to your customers
 Self-Check No. 2.2

2. If the cost of a day-old chick is Php20.00, how much is

the total cost of 100 heads?

a. 1,500
b. 2,000
c. 2,200
d. 2,400
 Self-Check No. 2.2

3. What is the correct arrangement of feeds to be given to

your animal?

a. booster, grower, finisher

b. booster, finisher, grower
c. finisher, booster, grower
d. grower, booster, finisher
 Self-Check No. 2.2

4. One sack or bag of a chick booster costs Php650.00. If a

bag weighs 25kg, how much does a kilo of this type of feed
costs?

a. 25.00
b. 26.00
c. 27.00
d. 28.00
 Self-Check No. 2.2

5. Medicines and vaccines assumed 3% of the total feed

cost. If the total cost of your feed in a given project is
Php1000.00, how much is the estimated cost for the
medicine and vaccine?

a. 28.00
b. 29.00
c. 30.00
d. 31.00
Thank you!