CHAPTER 3:

IMPLEMENTING
THE CURRICULUM

Module 4: The Teacher as a

Curriculum Implementor and the
Manager
 OBJECTIVES:

Define curriculum Implementation.

Analyze what is change process in a
curriculum implementation.
Explain the process of curriculum
implementation.
Curriculum implementation
Curriculum implementation means putting
into practice the written curriculum that has
been designed in syllabi, course of study,
curricular guides, and subjects.
Ornstein and Hunkins (1998) defined curriculum implementation as the
interaction between the curriculum that has been written and planned
and the persons (teachers) who are in charged to deliver it.

To them, curriculum implementation implies the following:

Shift from what is the current to a new or enhanced curriculum.
Change in knowledge, actions, and attitudes of the persons
involved.
Change in behavior using new strategies and resources.
Change which requires efforts hence goals should be achievable.
 Loucks and Lieberman (1983) define

curriculum implementation as the trying

out of a new practice and what it looks like
when actually used in school system. It
simply means that implementation should
bring the desired change and
improvement.
In classroom context, implementing means

using the plan as a guide, and that plan is

the lesson plan and the curriculum guide.

In a larger scale, curriculum implementation

means putting the curriculum into operation

with the different implementing agents

 Curriculum
Implementation as a
Change Process
Concept of Change
Change is a constant
law of nature.
Kurt Lewin’s Force Field Theory
and Curriculum Change

Kurt Levin (1951) as the

father of social psychology
explains the process of
change. The model can be
used to explain curriculum
change and implementation
 Education Landscape

Two forces oppose each other

1. Driving Force
2.Restraining Force