CHAPTER TWO:

INPUT, OUTPUT AND STORAGE UNITS

Prepared by: Lama Mahmoud

Video: https://youtu.be/NkoS2JXaBuM
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INPUT DEVICES

• Input Devices allow you to input data to the computer.

• Input Devices:
• Keyboard and Wireless Keyboard

• Mouse

• Trackball : is a mouse turned upside down.

• Touch Pad

• Scanners: convert page contents, texts, images, pictures, graphics and

other forms of content into electronic signals.
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INPUT DEVICES

• Optical-Character Recognition (OCR): Especially

preprinted characters are read by the OCR reader as
images.

• Magnetic Card Reader (MCR): Information is stored on

a thin magnetic stripe on the back of a card. This
information is read when swiped through a magnetic
card reader.
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INPUT DEVICES

• The Magnetic Ink Character Recognition

(MICR) is used by banks to read magnetically
encoded characters on the bottom of checks.

• The Optical-Mark Recognition (OMR)

devices sense the presence or absence of
marks. They are commonly used for
standardized and multiple choice test scoring.
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INPUT DEVICES

• Bar Code Readers (BCR) or bar code scanners read bar codes or
vertical zebra striped marks printed on product containers, and
then convert them into texts that can be read.

• The Joystick is a small hand-lever that can be moved in any

direction to control the movement on the screen.
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INPUT DEVICES

• Microphone

• Digital Camera

• Web Camera
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OUTPUT DEVICES

• Output Devices allow you to output information from the

computer.
• Output Devices:
• Monitors:
• • Traditional Computer Monitors, which are similar in size and
technology to televisions.

• Flat-Panel Display: monitors are thinner and require less power to

operate.
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OUTPUT DEVICES

• Projectors are connected to computers to display outputs on large

boards.

• Speakers.
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OUTPUT DEVICES

• Printers :
• Laser Printers: use a laser light beam and an ink-like toner. They
produce a high print quality at high speed.
• Inkjet Printer: sprays one or more colors of small droplets of ink
at high speed onto paper. It is slower than laser printers.
• Cloud Printers: are printers which are connected to the Internet
and provide printing services on the Internet.
• 3-D Printers: These printers can print 3-D models
 SUMMARY
Input Devices Output Devices
Keyboard Monitors
Wireless Board Flat Panel Display
Mouse Projectors
Trackball Speakers
Touch Pad Laser Printers
Scanners Inkjet Printers
Optical Character Recognition (OCR) Cloud Printers
Magnetic Cord Reader (MCR) 3D Printers
Magnetic Ink Character Recognition (MICR)
Optical Mark Recognition (OMR)
Bar Code Reader (BCR)
Joystick
Microphone
Digital Camera
Web Camera
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COMPUTER MEMORY

• There are two types of computer's memory:

• Primary Memory

• Secondary Memory.
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PRIMARY MEMORY

• RAM (Random Access Memory): which is the main

memory in a computer. data and programs are stored
(temporarily). when the computer is shut off or restarted, the
content of RAM is erased.

• ROM (Read Only Memory): It keeps instructions, which

make the computer work when turning it on.

• The Flash Memory :It is used in many devices such as

smart phones, laptops and digital cameras.
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MEMORY CAPACITY
MEASUREMENTS

smallest

Largest
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SECONDARY MEMORY
(SECONDARY STORAGE)

• Secondary Storage Devices: To keep software, programs and data

permanently.
• Examples:
• Internal Hard Disks : are located within the system unit.

• External Hard Disks: are disks connected to a USB port on the

system unit.

• Optical Disks: a laser beam alters the surface of a plastic or metallic

disk to represent data.
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OPTICAL DISKS

• CD-ROM: the disk cannot be written to and the data on it cannot be

erased by the user.
• CD-Recordable: can be written to once. After that, they can be read
many times without deterioration but cannot be written and the user can’t
erase the information stored on them.
• Rewritable CD-RW :These disks are very similar to CD-R, except that
you can change the data stored on them, erase it, or add to it.
• The Digital Versatile Disk (DVD) : It is used to store high quality films
and videos.
• Blu-ray Disks (BD) have high capacity compared to the digital disks
(DVD). blue-colored laser technology that is used to read the disk. They
have a typical capacity of 50 GB on one side.
 SUMMARY

Primary Memory Secondary Memory

RAM (Random Access Memory) Internal Hard Disks

ROM (Read Only Memory) External Hard Disks

The Flash Memory Optical Hard Disks including:

• CD-ROM
• CD-Recordable
• Rewritable CD-RW
• DVD (Digital Versatile Disk)
• Blu-ray Disks (BD)
 Test Your Understanding

Which of the following is an output device?

a) Mouse
b) Touch Pad
c) Speakers
d) Scanners

Which of the following is a Secondary Memory Device?

e) RAM
f) ROM
g) Flash Memory
h) External Hard Disk

1 byte is smaller than 1 bit

i) True
j) False
 Test Your Understanding

Which of the following is an output device?

a) Mouse
b) Touch Pad
c) Speakers
d) Scanners

Which of the following is a Secondary Memory Device?

e) RAM
f) ROM
g) Flash Memory
h) External Hard Disk

1 byte is smaller than 1 bit

i) True
j) False