Problems

Involving Sets
BRAIN TEASER
BRAIN TEASER
BRAIN TEASER
BRAIN TEASER
 VENN DIAGRAM

𝑼 𝑨 𝑩
a b i
The elements of that are not in are:
d g
e c h Similarly,
f j
 Cardinality of the Set
• The total number of elements in a set
denoted as:
 Example:
VENN DIAGRAM 𝟔
𝟔
𝑼 𝑨 𝑩 𝟗
a b i 𝟑
d g 𝟏
e c h 𝟕
f j 𝟑
𝟑
 Assume that these letters represent
VENN DIAGRAM the number of elements in their
respective region.
𝑼 𝑨 𝑩 𝒑 +𝒒 +𝒗 +𝒕
𝒒+𝒓 + 𝒕 +𝒘
p q r 𝒒+ 𝒕
t 𝒑 +𝒒 +𝒓 +𝒕 +𝒗 + 𝒘
v w 𝒕 +𝒘
𝒚
x 𝒗+𝒙
y 𝒕
𝑪
Example 1:
A class of 50 freshmen students decided to have
a tree planting project. Of the many seedlings
available, 23 chose to plant mahogany while 25
chose to plant narra. Ten chose to plant both
mahogany and narra. How many chose:
a) mahogany only?
b) narra only?
c) neither narra nor mahogany?
 GIVEN:
50 students
VENN DIAGRAM 25 planted narra
23 planted mahogany
𝑼 𝑴 𝑵 10 plated both
ANSWERS:
a) mahogany only
13 10 15 𝟐𝟑 −𝟏𝟎=𝟏𝟑
b) narra only
𝟐𝟓 −𝟏𝟎=𝟏𝟓
12 c) neither narra nor
mahogany
MAHOGANY=M
NARRA=N
𝟏𝟑+𝟏𝟎+𝟏𝟓=𝟑𝟖
𝟓𝟎 −𝟑𝟖=𝟏𝟐
Example 2:
Seventy housewives asked on their preference for cooking oil.
41 prefer coconut oil
37 prefer olive oil
39 prefer sunflower oil
20 prefer both coconut and olive oil
24 prefer both coconut and sunflower oil
17 prefer both olive and sunflower oil
8 prefer all the three
How many prefer:
a. Coconut oil only?
b. Olive oil only?
c. Sunflower oil only?
d. None of the three?
 LET:
VENN DIAGRAM SUNFLOWER OIL=S
COCONUT OIL=C
OLIVE OIL-O
𝑼 𝑺 𝑪 GIVEN
70 housewives
41 prefer coconut oil
6 16 5 37 prefer olive oil
39 prefer sunflower oil
8 20 prefer both coconut and
9 12 olive oil
24 prefer both coconut and
8 sunflower oil
17 prefer both olive and
𝑶 sunflower oil
6 8 prefer all the three
 VENN DIAGRAM
How many prefer:
𝑼 𝑺 𝑪 a. Coconut oil only?
5
6 16 5 b. Olive oil only?
8
8 c. Sunflower oil only?
9 12
6
8 d. None of the three?
6
𝑶
6
PRACTICE:
Directions: Solve each of the following problems.
1. A coach calls on 30 boys for a try-out in various sports. Eleven are
interested in volleyball and 10 in basketball. Five are interested in
both. How many are interested in:
a. Volleyball only?
b. Basketball only?
c. Other sports?

2. A class of 45 students is to plant pechay and lettuce seedlings in

plots. Twenty six want pechay while 34 want lettuce. Twenty want both.
How many want:
d. Pechay only
e. Lettuce only
f. Neither pechay nor lettuce