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Unsymmetric Bending
Unsymmetric Bending 1
Chapter Outline
• Pure Bending
• Unsymmetric Bending
• Inertia moments
• Maximum and minimum stresses
Unsymmetric Bending 2
Pure Bending / Basit Eğilme
• The neutral axis of the cross section coincides with the axis of the
couple
Unsymmetric Bending 3
Unsymmetric Bending for Symmetric Cross-section
Simetrik Kesitli Kirişlerde Eğik Eğilme
• Cannot assume that the member will bend in the plane of the
couples.
Unsymmetric Bending 4
Unsymmetric Bending for symmetric cross-section
Wish to determine the conditions under which the neutral axis of a
cross section of arbitrary shape coincides with the axis of the couple as
shown.
Mz Mz My
x y
My
z
Iz x
Iy
M
Combined stress, x x y xM z
x
Mz
y
My
z
M cos
y
M sin
z
Iz Iy Iz Iy
8
Along the neutral axis, normal stress must be
zero. Thus
Mz My
x y z
Iz Iy
x
M cos
y
M sin
z0
Iz Iy
y Iz
tan tan
z Iy
Unsymmetric Bending 9
Example 4.08
y
A 1600 lb-in couple is applied to a rectangular
wooden beam in a plane forming an angle of
30 deg. with the vertical. Determine
z
(a) the maximum stress in the beam,
(b) the angle that the neutral axis forms with
the horizontal plane.
Unsymmetric Bending 10
Solution
• Resolve the couple vector into components along the principle
centroidal axes and calculate the corresponding maximum stresses.
M z M cos M y M sin
My
tan
Mz
Unsymmetric Bending 11
• Determine the angle of the neutral axis.
Mz My
x y z0
Iz Iy
Iz M y My Iz
y z tan y tan z
Iy Mz Mz Iy
Iz y
tan tan or the angle of the neutral axis
Iy z
y
y tan z or tan
z
Unsymmetric Bending 12
Resolve the couple vector into components and calculate
the corresponding maximum stresses.
Unsymmetric Bending 4 - 13
• Determine the angle of the neutral axis.
My 800
tan 0.5772
Mz 1386
Iz 5.359
tan tan 0.5772 3.142
Iy 0.9844
72.35o
Unsymmetric Bending 14
The largest tensile stress
due to M occurs at A 1.75;0.75.
Mz My
A yA zA
Iz Iy
A
1386 lb in 1.75 in 800 lb in 0.75 in
5.359 in 4 0.9844 in 4
A 1062 psi max
Unsymmetric Bending 4 - 15
The smallest normal stress
due to M occurs at E 1.75;0.75.
Mz My
E yE zE
Iz Iy
E
1386 lb in 1.75 in 800 lb in 0.75 in
5.359 in 4 0.9844 in 4
E 1062 psi min
Unsymmetric Bending 4 - 16
• Distribution of the streeses in the cross-section.
Unsymmetric Bending 4 - 17
Örnek: Şekildeki kirişin A ve B noktalarında meydana gelen gerilmeleri
hesaplayınız.
y
x F=10 kN
B
h=80 mm
m
L=1 m m
6 0
A b =
Çözüm: F=10 kN
Kesit özellikleri (atalet momentleri):
y
I x 121 b h 3 121 60 803
B
I x 2.56 106 mm 4
h=80 mm
I y 121 h b 3 121 80 603 x
I y 1.44 106 mm 4 M
A b=60 mm
F=10 kN
Eğilme momenti bileşenleri:
y
M F L 10 kN 1 m 10 kNm
B
M 10 10 6 Nmm
h=80 mm
60 x
tan 36.87 o
80
M
36.87 o siy A b=60 mm
Unsymmetric Bending 20
F=10 kN
h=80 mm
tan tan
Iy 1.44
x
tan 1,333 53.13o M
A b=60 mm
Unsymmetric Bending 21
A ve B noktalarındaki gerilmeler: F=10 kN
Mx My y
A yA xA TE
Ix Iy B
h=80 mm
A( x A ; y A ) A(30;40)
x
M
8 106 6 106
A 6
40 6
30 A b=60 mm
2.56 10 1.44 10
A 250 MPa
Unsymmetric Bending 22
A ve B noktalarındaki gerilmeler: F=10 kN
y
B( xB ; y B ) B(30;40) TE
B
Mx My
h=80 mm
B yB xB
Ix Iy x
8 106 6 106 M
B 6
40 6
30
2.56 10 1.44 10 A b=60 mm
B 250 MPa
Unsymmetric Bending 23
Unsymmetric Bending
• In general, the neutral axis of the section will not coincide with
the axis of the couple.
Unsymmetric Bending 24
Simetrik Olmayan Kirişlerde Eğilme
M x y z dA ve M y x z dA (1)
A A
25
z z z C1 y C2 x (2)
z E z E C1 y C2 x (3)
z C1 y C2 x (4)
Unsymmetric Bending 26
M x y C1 y C2 x dA ve - M y xC1 y C2 x dA (5)
A A
M x C1 y 2 dA C2 xy dA C1 I x C2 I xy
A A
(6)
M y C1 xydA C2 x dA C1 I xy C2 I y
2
A A
Unsymmetric Bending 27
M x I y M y I xy M y I x M x I xy
C1 ve C2
IxI y I 2
xy I x I y I xy2
z
M I M y I xy y M y I x M x I xy x
x y
7
2
IxI y I xy
Unsymmetric Bending 28
σz gerilme fonksiyonu sıfıra eşitlenirse Tarafsız Eksen (TE) denklemi ve
Tarafsız Eksenin açısı bulunur.
M y I x M x I xy
y x veya y tan x 8
M x I y M y I xy
M y I x M x I xy
tan
M x I y M y I xy
TE
1
M y I x M x I xy
tan
M x I y M y I xy
Unsymmetric Bending 29
Örnek:
A
Unsymmetric Bending 30
Kesitin ağırlık merkezinin yeri:
x
Unsymmetric Bending 31
Atalet Momentleri: Paralel Eksen Teoremi
Y
I x I x i Ai d 2
yi
x y
x i Ci
Iy I
yi Ad i
2
xi
C
x
I
yi
I xy xy i Ai d xi d yi y
d y i yi y
O X
d xi xi x
Unsymmetric Bending 32
Ağırlık merkezinden geçen x ve y Y
eksenlerine kesitin atalet momentleri:
x1 15 mm y1 90 mm
x2 75 mm y2 15 mm
d x1 x1 x 15 35 20 mm
d x2 x2 x 75 35 40 mm
d y1 y1 y 90 65 25 mm
X
d y2 x2 x 15 65 50 mm
Paralel Eksen Teoremi ile
Ix
30 180Bending
I xy Unsymmetric 2025 90 3040 50 8.1106 mm 4
A
Unsymmetric Bending 34
Gerilme Denklemi:
M x I xy M y I x M x I y M y I xy
z 2
x 2
y
IxI y I xy IxI y I xy
389.4 231.82
z x y
151.3 151.3
z 2.574 x 1.532 y
Unsymmetric Bending 35
Tarafsız Eksen Denklemi:
.
T.E
bulunur:
z 2.574 x 1.532 y 0
y 1.68 x tan x
o
tan 1.68 59.24
Unsymmetric Bending 36
Kesitteki gerilmeler:
A(-35;115) noktası
.
T.E
A
A 2.574 35 1.532115 266.3 MPa
B(-35;-65) noktası
B 2.574 35 1.532 65 9.49 MPa
C(85;-65) noktası
C 2.57485 1.532 65 318.4 MPa B C
Kesit kontrolü
max C 318.4 MPa em 300 MPa
Unsymmetric Bending 38
Çözüm:
1100 5 800 40
x 19.74 mm
1100 800
1100 65 800 5
y 39.74 mm
1100 800
Atalet momentleri
Ix =2.783x106 mm4
Iy =1.003x106 mm4
M B 0 5 R A 3P 0
RA 2.4 kN
M max 2 RA 2 2.4 4.8 kNm
Unsymmetric Bending 40
Gerilme fonksiyonu
z
M I M y I xy y M y I x M x I xy x
x y
I x I y I xy2
z
4.157 1.003 2.4 0.973y 2.42.783 4.157 0.973x 6 6
10 10
2.783 1.003 0.973 10 10
2 6 6
z 0.9945 y 1.428 x
Unsymmetric Bending 41
Tarafsız Eksen Denklemi ve Açısı
z 0.9945 y 1.428 x 0
y 1.4362 x
o
y tan x 55.15
Unsymmetric Bending 42
Gerilmeler
z 1.428 x 0.9945 y
A60.26 ; 39.74
ve
B 19.74 ; 80.26
10 A
y
y Fy F
a b 40
z 10 C x
C
10
B 60 mm
Unsymmetric Bending 44
45
Unsymmetric Bending 46
Unsymmetric Bending 47
Unsymmetric Bending 48
Unsymmetric Bending 49
Unsymmetric Bending 50
Unsymmetric Bending 51
Unsymmetric Bending 52
General Case of Eccentric Axial Loading
• Consider a straight member subject to equal
and opposite eccentric forces.