Function Operations and

Composition of Functions
Unit 1 Lesson 6
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Students will be able to:

Combine standard function types using arithmetic operations
Compose functions
Key Vocabulary:
Function operation
Composition of function
Decomposition of Composite Functions
Domain of composite function
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Function Operations
Let and be any two functions. You can add, subtract,
multiply or divide and to form a new function.
The domain of new function consist of the -values that
are in the domains of both and .
When new function involves division, the domain does
not include -values for which the denominator is equal
to zero.
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Operation Definition

Addition  
Subtraction  
Multiplication  

Division
Function Operations and Composition of Functions
Sample Problem 1: : Find and for each and . Determine the domain
of each new function.

𝟐
a. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒙 +𝟐 𝒙 −𝟏 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) =𝒙 −𝟓
Function Operations and Composition of Functions
Sample Problem 1: : Find and for each and . Determine the domain
of each new function.

𝟐
a. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒙 +𝟐 𝒙 −𝟏 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) =𝒙 −𝟓
( 𝒇 +𝒈 )( 𝒙 )=(𝒙¿ ¿𝟐+𝟐 𝒙 − 𝟏)+(𝒙 −𝟓)¿
( 𝒇 + 𝒈 )( 𝒙 )=𝒙 𝟐 +𝟑 𝒙 −𝟔

𝑫 𝒇 +𝒈 =(− ∞ , ∞)
Function Operations and Composition of Functions
Sample Problem 1: : Find and for each and . Determine the domain
of each new function.

𝟐
a. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒙 +𝟐 𝒙 −𝟏 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) =𝒙 −𝟓
( 𝒇 − 𝒈 )( 𝒙 )=(𝒙 ¿¿𝟐+𝟐𝒙 −𝟏)− ( 𝒙 −𝟓 ) ¿
( 𝒇 − 𝒈 )( 𝒙 )= 𝒙 𝟐 +𝟐 𝒙 −𝟏 − 𝒙 +𝟓
( 𝒇 − 𝒈 )( 𝒙 )= 𝒙 𝟐 + 𝒙+𝟒
𝑫 𝒇 −𝒈 =(− ∞ , ∞)
Function Operations and Composition of Functions
Sample Problem 1: : Find and for each and . Determine the domain
of each new function.

𝟐
a. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒙 +𝟐 𝒙 −𝟏 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) =𝒙 −𝟓
( 𝒇 ∗𝒈 ) ( 𝒙 ) =(𝒙 ¿¿𝟐+𝟐 𝒙 −𝟏)∗(𝒙 − 𝟓)¿
( 𝒇 ∗ 𝒈 ) ( 𝒙 ) =𝒙𝟑 −𝟑 𝒙𝟐 −𝟏𝟏 𝒙+𝟓

𝑫 𝒇 ∗ 𝒈=( − ∞ , ∞ )
Function Operations and Composition of Functions
Sample Problem 1: : Find and for each and . Determine the domain
of each new function.

𝟐
a. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒙 +𝟐 𝒙 −𝟏 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) =𝒙 −𝟓

( )
𝒇
𝒈
( 𝒙 )=
𝒙 𝟐+𝟐 𝒙 − 𝟏
𝒙−𝟓

𝑫 𝒇 =(− ∞ ,𝟓)∪(𝟓 , ∞)
𝒈
Function Operations and Composition of Functions
Sample Problem 1: : Find and for each and . Determine the domain
of each new function.

𝟐
b. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒙 − 𝟖𝟏 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) =𝒙+𝟗
Function Operations and Composition of Functions
Sample Problem 1: : Find and for each and . Determine the domain
of each new function.

𝟐
b. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒙 − 𝟖𝟏 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) =𝒙+𝟗
( 𝒇 + 𝒈 )( 𝒙 )=( 𝒙 𝟐 −𝟖𝟏)+( 𝒙 +𝟗)
( 𝒇 + 𝒈 )( 𝒙 )=𝒙 𝟐 + 𝒙 −𝟕𝟐

𝑫 𝒇 +𝒈 =(− ∞ , ∞)
Function Operations and Composition of Functions
Sample Problem 1: : Find and for each and . Determine the domain
of each new function.

𝟐
b. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒙 − 𝟖𝟏 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) =𝒙+𝟗
( 𝒇 − 𝒈 )( 𝒙 )=(𝒙 ¿¿𝟐− 𝟖𝟏)− ( 𝒙+𝟗 ) ¿
( 𝒇 − 𝒈 )( 𝒙 )= 𝒙 𝟐 − 𝟖𝟏 − 𝒙 − 𝟗
( 𝒇 − 𝒈 )( 𝒙 )= 𝒙 𝟐 − 𝒙 −𝟗𝟎
𝑫 𝒇 −𝒈 =(− ∞ , ∞)
Function Operations and Composition of Functions
Sample Problem 1: : Find and for each and . Determine the domain
of each new function.

𝟐
b. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒙 − 𝟖𝟏 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) =𝒙+𝟗
( 𝒇 ∗𝒈 ) ( 𝒙 ) =(𝒙 ¿¿𝟐− 𝟖𝟏)∗(𝒙 +𝟗)¿
( 𝒇 ∗ 𝒈 ) ( 𝒙 ) =𝒙𝟑 +𝟗 𝒙𝟐 −𝟖𝟏 𝒙 − 𝟕𝟐𝟗

𝑫 𝒇 ∗ 𝒈=(− ∞ , ∞)
Function Operations and Composition of Functions
Sample Problem 1: : Find and for each and . Determine the domain
of each new function.

𝟐
b. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒙 − 𝟖𝟏 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) =𝒙+𝟗

( )
𝒇
𝒈
( 𝒙 )=
𝒙 𝟐 −𝟖𝟏 (𝒙+𝟗)(𝒙 − 𝟗)
𝒙+𝟗
=
𝒙+𝟗
( 𝒈 )= 𝒙 − 𝟗
𝒇
If the function can be simplified,
determine the domain before
𝑫 𝒇 =(− ∞ ,− 𝟗)∪(− 𝟗 , ∞) simplifying!
𝒈
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Composition of Functions
The composition of function with function is defined by
The domain of the composite function is the set of all such that:
1. is in the domain of and
2. is in the domain of .
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

𝒙 𝒎𝒖𝒔𝒕 𝒃𝒆𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒅𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒈

𝒙 𝒈𝒈(𝒙 ) 𝒇 𝒇 (𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) )

𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) 𝒎𝒖𝒔𝒕 𝒃𝒆𝒊𝒏 𝒕𝒉𝒆𝒅𝒐𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒏 𝒐𝒇 𝒇

Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Sample Problem 2: Find each composite function. Determine the

domain of each composite function.
a. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )=𝟐 𝒙 −𝟑 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) =𝒙+𝟏
( 𝒇 ∘ 𝒈 )( 𝒙 )=? 𝑫 𝒇 ∘ 𝒈=?
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Sample Problem 2: Find each composite function. Determine the

domain of each composite function.
a. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )=𝟐 𝒙 −𝟑 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) =𝒙+𝟏
( 𝒇 ∘ 𝒈 )( 𝒙 )=? 𝑫 𝒇 ∘ 𝒈=?
( 𝒇 ∘ 𝒈 )( 𝒙 )= 𝒇 ( 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) )
𝒇 ( 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) )=𝟐 ( 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) ) −𝟑
𝒇 ( 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) )=𝟐 ( 𝒙+𝟏 ) − 𝟑 𝑫 𝒇 ∘ 𝒈=(−∞ , ∞)
𝒇 ( 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) )=𝟐 𝒙+𝟐 − 𝟑
𝒇 ( 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) )=𝟐 𝒙 − 𝟏
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Sample Problem 2: Find each composite function. Determine the

domain of each composite function.
b. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒙 −𝟑 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) =𝒙 𝟐 +𝟏
( 𝒈 ∘ 𝒇 )( 𝒙 )=? 𝑫 𝒈 ∘ 𝒇 =?
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Sample Problem 2: Find each composite function. Determine the

domain of each composite function.
b. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒙 −𝟑 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) =𝒙 𝟐 +𝟏
( 𝒈 ∘ 𝒇 )( 𝒙 )=? 𝑫 𝒈 ∘ 𝒇 =?
( 𝒈 ∘ 𝒇 )( 𝒙 )=𝒈 ( 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) )
𝟐
𝒈 ( 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) )=( 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) ) +𝟏
𝒈 ( 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) )= ( 𝒙 − 𝟑 ) + 𝟏
𝟐 𝑫 𝒈 ∘ 𝒇 =(−∞ , ∞)
𝒈 ( 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) )=𝒙 𝟐 − 𝟔 𝒙 +𝟗+𝟏
𝒈 ( 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) )=𝒙 − 𝟔 𝒙 +𝟏𝟎
𝟐
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Sample Problem 2: Find each composite function. Determine the

domain of each composite function.
𝟐 𝟏
c. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒈 ( 𝒙)= ( 𝒇 ∘ 𝒈 )( 𝒙 )=? 𝑫 𝒇 ∘ 𝒈=?
𝒙−𝟑 𝒙
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Sample Problem 2: Find each composite function. Determine the

domain of each composite function.
𝟐 𝟏
c. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒈 ( 𝒙)= ( 𝒇 ∘ 𝒈 )( 𝒙 )=?
𝒙−𝟑 𝒙
( 𝒇 ∘ 𝒈 )( 𝒙 )= 𝒇 ( 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) )
𝟐 𝟏
𝒇 ( 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) )= ≠ 𝟎 𝒙 ≠𝟎
𝒈 ( 𝒙) −𝟑 𝒙
𝟐 𝟏 𝟏
𝒇 ( 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) )= − 𝟑≠ 𝟎 𝒙 ≠
𝟏 𝒙 𝟑
−𝟑
𝒙
𝟐𝒙
𝒇 ( 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) )=
𝟏 −𝟑 𝒙
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Sample Problem 2: Find each composite function. Determine the

domain of each composite function.
𝟐 𝟏
c. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒈 ( 𝒙)= 𝑫 𝒇 ∘ 𝒈=?
𝒙−𝟑 𝒙

𝑫 𝒈=(− ∞ ,𝟎)∪(𝟎, ∞)
𝟏 𝟏
𝑫 𝒇 ∘ 𝒈=(−∞ , 𝟎)∪(𝟎 , )∪( , ∞)
𝟑 𝟑
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Sample Problem 2: Find each composite function. Determine the

domain of each composite function.
𝟐 𝟏
d. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) = ( 𝒈 ∘ 𝒇 )( 𝒙 )=? 𝑫 𝒈 ∘ 𝒇 =?
𝒙 𝒙
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Sample Problem 2: Find each composite function. Determine the

domain of each composite function.
𝟐 𝟏
d. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) = ( 𝒈 ∘ 𝒇 )( 𝒙 )=?
𝒙 𝒙
( 𝒈 ∘ 𝒇 )( 𝒙 )=𝒈 ( 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) )
𝟏 𝟐
𝒈 ( 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) )= ≠𝟎 𝒙 ≠ 𝟎
𝒇 (𝒙) 𝒙
𝟏
𝒈 ( 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) )=
𝟐
𝒙
𝒙
𝒈 ( 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) )=
𝟐
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Sample Problem 2: Find each composite function. Determine the

domain of each composite function.
𝟐 𝟏
d. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) = 𝑫 𝒈 ∘ 𝒇 =?
𝒙 𝒙

𝑫 𝒈=(− ∞ ,𝟎)∪(𝟎 , ∞)
𝑫 𝒈 ∘ 𝒇 =(−∞ , 𝟎)∪(𝟎 , ∞)
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Sample Problem 3: : Find and then evaluate each composite function.

a. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= √ 𝒙 𝒈 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒙 − 𝟐 ( 𝒇 ∘ 𝒈 )( 𝟔 )=?
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Sample Problem 3: : Find and then evaluate each composite function.

a. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= √ 𝒙 𝒈 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒙 − 𝟐 ( 𝒇 ∘ 𝒈 )( 𝟔 )=?
( 𝒇 ∘ 𝒈 )( 𝒙 )= 𝒇 ( 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) ) 𝒇 ( 𝒈 ( 𝟔 ) ) =√ 𝟔− 𝟐
𝒇 ( 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) )= √ 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) 𝒇 ( 𝒈 ( 𝟔 ) ) =√ 𝟒
𝒇 ( 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) )=√ 𝒙 − 𝟐 𝒇 ( 𝒈 ( 𝟔 ) ) =𝟐
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Sample Problem 3: : Find and then evaluate each composite function.

𝒙 +𝟑
b. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )=𝟔 𝒙 −𝟏 𝒈 ( 𝒙 )= ( 𝒈 ∘ 𝒇 ) ( 𝟐 )=?
𝟐
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Sample Problem 3: : Find and then evaluate each composite function.

𝒙 +𝟑
b. 𝒇 ( 𝒙 )=𝟔 𝒙 −𝟏 𝒈 ( 𝒙 )= ( 𝒈 ∘ 𝒇 ) ( 𝟐 )=?
𝟐
( 𝒈 ∘ 𝒇 )( 𝒙 )=𝒈 ( 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) )
𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) +𝟑
𝒈 ( 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) )= 𝒈 ( 𝒇 ( 𝟐 ) ) =𝟑∗ 𝟐+𝟏
𝟐
𝒈 ( 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) )=
(𝟔 𝒙 − 𝟏)+𝟑 𝒈 ( 𝒇 ( 𝟐 ) ) =𝟕
𝟐
𝟔 𝒙+𝟐 𝟐(𝟑 𝒙 +𝟏)
𝒈 ( 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) )= =
𝟐 𝟐
𝒈 ( 𝒇 ( 𝒙 ) )=𝟑 𝒙+𝟏
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Decomposition of Composite Functions

When you form a composite function, you “compose”
two functions to form a new function. It is also
possible to reverse this process. You can “decompose”
a given function and express it as a composition of
two functions. Although there is more than one way
to do this, there is often a “natural” selection that
comes to mind first.
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Sample Problem 4: Express as a composition of two functions and .

𝟐
𝒉 ( 𝒙 )= ( 𝒙 −𝟑 𝒙 )
𝟑
a.
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Sample Problem 4: Express as a composition of two functions and .

𝟐
𝒉 ( 𝒙 )= ( 𝒙 −𝟑 𝒙 )
𝟑
a.
𝒉 ( 𝒙 )= ( 𝒇 ∘ 𝒈 )( 𝒙 )= 𝒇 ( 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) )
𝟐
𝒇 ( 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) )=( 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) ) =( 𝒙 −𝟑 𝒙 )
𝟐 𝟑

𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒙 𝟐 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) =𝒙𝟑 −𝟑 𝒙
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Sample Problem 4: Express as a composition of two functions and .

𝟑
b. 𝒉 ( 𝒙 )=
𝟑𝒙−𝟓
Function Operations and Composition of Functions

Sample Problem 4: Express as a composition of two functions and .

𝟑
b. 𝒉 ( 𝒙 )=
𝟑𝒙−𝟓
𝒉 ( 𝒙 )= ( 𝒇 ∘ 𝒈 )( 𝒙 )= 𝒇 ( 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) )
𝟑 𝟑
𝒇 ( 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) )= =
𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) −𝟓 𝟑 𝒙 −𝟓
𝟑
𝒇 ( 𝒙 )= 𝒈 ( 𝒙 ) =𝟑 𝒙
𝒙−𝟓