Page 1

Capacitance
Fri May 06
2022
Page 6

When the medium between the plates of the capacitor changes only charge of the capacitor remains
constant.
Page 7

Capacitor stores energy in the form of charge. Capacitor charge store karke energy store karne ki
koshish karega.

When two bodies are made in contact then potential of both the bodies becomes same
Suppose, a capacitor having capacitance C is connected to a battery when the battery / voltage supply is
disconnected only charge in the capacitance remains constant.[Electric Field between the plates of the
capacitor , potential difference between the plates of the capacitor , capacitance all changes.]
Page 8

When we click a photo flash of the camera blinks very fastly that sudden amount of energy required by
flash cannot be provided by a battery because battery hame slow release of energy dete hai . That’s why
Here we use something called capacitor which provides sudden amount of energy.

Capacitors are made from conducting bodies.

Isme do plates capacitor ki

Aapas me parallel hoti
Hai.plates ke bich
me koi bhi medium
hota hai vaccum
nahi rakhte.
Parallel Plate Capacitor

Is capacitor me do spheres he
pahle hollow sphere (outer)
Then solid sphere (inner).aur in
Jaha hame instantly energy ki jarurat
dono ke bich me koi medium fill
Hai vaha ham capacitor use karege.
kiya gaya hai.

Is capacitor me do cylinders he pahle hollow cylinder

(outer).Then solid cylinder (inner).aur in dono ke bich me
koi medium fill kiya gaya hai
Page 9
Page 10

Hamne body B se electron udha kar body A ko de diya. So Body B becomes positively charged
And body A becomes negatively charged. Positively charged body ka potential greater than zero
hota hai and negatively charged body ka potential less than zero hota hai.
Page 11

Because of Potential Difference between the bodies an electric field would be established from body
B to Body A. jab do charged bodies separated hota hai ek dusre se by some distance Electric field
Establish between them.
Page 12

Jitna jyada bodies me charge developed

Hota jayega utni electric field ki intensity
Badti jayegi aur utna potential difference
unke bich badta jayega.

C = Capacitance of the system.

And is independent of the charge on
the bodies and the potential difference
Between then.
Page 13

Of capacitance.
Page 14

difference
Page 15

Even a single conductor behaves like a capacitor.

Femto : 10 ki power -15.

Page 16 Prove of Q= CV

Surface

Iske surface pe hamne charge Q de diya.

Capacitance of a single spherical conductor

This also proves that the capacitance depends
Upon physical dimensions and medium .
Page 17

What happens when we take two conductors to make a capacitor?

When we take two conductors potential difference of capacitor further decrease because of which
capacitance increases .

Here , Potential Difference between the

Conductors is less as compared to a single
Conductor . Therefore Capacitance increases. As potential has decreased
Hence , we use two conductors in front of capacitance has increased.
Each other having equal and opposite charge.
Page 19
Page 20
Page 23
Page 24
Page 25
Page 26
Page 27
Page 29

Potential : Work done per unit charge.

When dq charge is placed in it.

Battery hi circuit ke andar external agent hoti hai jo charge lakar rakhti hai.
Page 30
Page 31

Energy which gets stored in a capacitor jiske potential difference V hai charge stored Q hai aur
Capacitance C hai.
Page 32
Page 34
Page 35
Page 37
Page 38
Page 39
Page 40
Page 41
Page 42
Page 43

Va - Vb = ε - iR
Page 44

Battery jab circuit ko current provide karti hai tab

Vo apni energy use karti hai . Battery kabhi bhi
Circuit ko charge provide nhi karti . Battery already
Jo circuit me charge (free electrons of connecting
wire) present hai use move karwati hai through
Potential Difference
Page 45

Work done on the battery by the Energy Supplier

Which has higher potential difference than battery.
Page 46
Page 47
Page 48
Page 49

Fraction of energy drawn from charging

battery stored in the capacitor is :
((½)CV^2/CV^2)*100=50%
Page 51
Page 55
Page 58
Page 59
Page 63
Page 64
Plane conducting surfaces facing towards each other must have equal and opposite charge densities
Hence, Q3 = --Q2 (since area of the plates are equal)
Also the charge on the capacitor means charge on the inner surface of the
positive plates.(here it is Q2)

Metals can not be used as a medium of dielectric because they are good conductors of electricity.
Page 65

When two capacitors having capacitance C1 and C2 are

Connected in parallel to a battery having emf V and charge flowing
through the circuit is qC so charge flowing through C1 capacitor
Is: C1
*q
C1 + C2
Page 66
Page 68
Page 69
Page 71
Page 72