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 How Do Auroras Occur?

Auroras are luminous atmospheric phenomena in the night sky that occur
most frequently in high latitudes of both hemispheres. They are categorized
specifically according to their location. Auroras in the Northern Hemisphere
are called the northern lights (aurora borealis), and in the Southern
Hemisphere, auroras are called the southern lights (aurora australis).
Auroras are caused by the sun, but they are not sunlight. In addition to light,
the sun also sends out electrically charged particles stream of electrons and
protons, called the solar wind. This stream of particles travels from the sun
towards the Earth at high speed.
The earth is surrounded by a magnetic field, consisting of north and south
magnetic poles. These magnetic poles are not the same as the North and South
poles. As the charged particles in the solar wind penetrate the earth’s
magnetosphere and enter the lower Van Allen radiation belt, the earth
magnetic field deflects it to the magnetic poles. Then they collide with gas
molecules, mostly oxygen and nitrogen, in the atmosphere. These collisions
cause them to emit visible light at various wavelengths, creating the colors of
the aurora. Because the light of auroras is not strong enough, they are
generally only visible at night.
 Generic Structure

1. General Statement
Auroras are luminous atmospheric phenomena in the night sky that occur most frequently in high
latitudes of both hemispheres. They are categorized specifically according to their location. Auroras
in the Northern Hemisphere are called the northern lights (aurora borealis), and in the Southern
Hemisphere, auroras are called the southern lights (aurora australis).
2. Sequenced of Explanation
Auroras are caused by the sun, but they are not sunlight. In addition to
light, the sun also sends out electrically charged particles stream of electrons
and protons, called the solar wind. This stream of particles travels from the
sun towards the Earth at high speed.
The earth is surrounded by a magnetic field, consisting of north and south
magnetic poles. These magnetic poles are not the same as the North and South
poles. As the charged particles in the solar wind penetrate the earth’s
magnetosphere and enter the lower Van Allen radiation belt, the earth
magnetic field deflects it to the magnetic poles. Then they collide with gas
molecules, mostly oxygen and nitrogen, in the atmosphere. These collisions
cause them to emit visible light at various wavelengths, creating the colors of
the aurora. Because the light of auroras is not strong enough, they are
generally only visible at night
 Language Features

1. Using Simple Present Tense

“Auroras are luminous atmospheric phenomena in the night
sky that occur most frequently in high latitudes of both
hemispheres”
2. Using Abstract Noun (No Visible Noun)
Electron, proton, magnetosphere, atmosphere, molecules,
particles, radiation
3. Using Action Verb
Emit, penetrate, enter, collide, deflect
4. Using Passive Voice
“Auroras are caused by the sun, but they are not sunlight”
“The earth is surrounded by a magnetic field, consisting of
north and south magnetic poles”