READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY

INTRODUCTI
ON
TO
PHILIPPINE
CHAPTER 1

HISTORY
WHAT WILL WE DISCUSS?

TODAY'S
TOPICS:
• Definition and Subject Matter
• Questions and Issues in History
• History and Historian
• Historical Source
 If you don't know history,
ALWAYS REMEMBER

then you don't know anything.

Michael Crichton
 Definition and Subject Matter

History is always known as the study from the past.

It is derived from the Greek word “Historia” means ”knowledge acquire through
inquiry or investigation.”

As a discipline it is existed for around 2400 years,

 Became known as the account of the
past of a person or a group of
person.
HISTORIA

It became the historian’s duty to write about the lives of important

individuals like monarchs, heroes, saint and nobilities.
History was also focused on writing
about:?
Wars Revolution
Question and Issues in History

What is History?
Why study History?
History for whom?
Why study History
• An examination of the past that can tell us a
great deal about how we came to who we are.

• Looking at the past teaches us to see the world

through different eyes appreciating the diversity
of human perception, belief and cultures
 HISTORIOGRAPH
Y
Histography is the history of history.

• History is the study of the past.

• Historiography is the object of the study is history itself.

History played a various role in the past.

2.
1.
As a tool to
States used History legitimized regimes
to unite a nation. and forges a sense
of collective
memory.
Two Philosophical School of Tho POST-
POSITIVISM
COLONIALISM
• This requires empirical • Tell the history of their
and observable
nation that will
evidence before one
highlight their identity
can claim that a
free from that colonial
particular knowledge is
discourse and
true.
knowledge.
• To criticize the
• Entails objective means
methods, effects and
of arriving at a
idea of colonialism.
conclusion.
HISTORY AND
HISTORIAN
 HISTORIAN
• it is the historian's job not just to seek historical
evidence and facts but also to interpret these facts.
• Historical research requires rigors.

• His subjectivity will inevitably influence the process of

his historical research.

• The methodology that he will use

• The facts that he shall select and deem relevant

HISTORIAN • His interpretation and even the form of his writings.

HIGHLIGHT
 Annales School of History
• School of history born in France that challenge
the canons of history. This school of that did
away with the common historical subjects always
related to the conducts of state and monarchs

Annales School of
History
 • Historian and students of history
REMEMBER:
need thoroughly scrutinize these
historical sources to avoid deception
and to produce the historical truth.

• Historian should be able to

conduct an external and internal
criticism of the source.
HISTORICAL SOURCES
 PRIMARY
• those produced at the same time as the event, period
or subject being studied.
SOURCES

SECONDARY
• sources used by the author who used primary sources
to produce the materials.
• Studied certain historical subject
 External Criticism Internal Criticism
• The examination of the
• The practice of truthfulness of evidence by
verifying the looking at the author of
authenticity of the the source.
evidence by examining
its physical • Context
characteristics
• The agenda behind

• . consistent with the • The knowledge which

historical informed it
characteristics of the
time it was produced . • Its intended purposes.
• One of the scandalous cases of deception in the Philippine history is the hoax Code of
Kalantiaw
• The authenticity of the code was debunked due to the lack of evidence to prove that the
code existed in the Precolonial Philippine Society.
• Ferdinand Marcos also claimed that he was a decorated World War II soldier who led a
guerilla unit called Ang Maharlika.
• This was widely believed by students of history and Marcos had war medals to show.
• This claim was disproven when historian counterchecked Marcos's claim with the war
records of the United States.
• These cases prove how deceptions can propagate without rigorous historical research.
• The task of the historians is to look at the available historical sources and select the most
relevant and meaningful for history and for the subject matter that he is studying.
READINGS IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY

CHAPTER: 1

INTRODUCTI
ON
TO
PHILIPPINE REPORTERS:
Ocampo, Claire Nicole
Sampang, Yvonne Anne

HISTORY