Community and Public Health for Medical Laboratory Science

LECTURE
HEALTH BEHAVIOR and Lifestyle Uncontrollable Age
Factors:  Gender
HEALTH BEHAVIOR  Heredity
any activity or action undertaken by an individual, Risk Factors:
regardless of actual or perceived health status, for Controllable:  Diet and Body Weight
the purpose of promoting, protecting and  Daily levels of physical
maintaining health activity
LIFESTYLE  Amount of sun exposure
the interests, opinions, behaviors, and behavioral  Smoking and alcohol abuse
orientations of an individual, group, or culture. Uncontrollable:  Age
TWO DETERMINING FACTORS:  Race
Tangible individual’s demographic profile  Gender
Factors  Heredity
Improper lifestyle:  Over-eating
Intangible psychological aspects of an  Excessive consumption of
Factors individual: personal values, fats
preferences, and outlooks.  Smoking and Drinking
 Chewing tobacco
IMPACT OF LIFESTYLE IN HEALTH  Sedentary lifestyle
Poor lifestyle choices Can leads to preventable  Lack of exercise
diseases
 Smoking  Obesity
Types of lifestyle diseases:
 Overuse of Alcohol  Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
 Cardiovascular diseases
 Poor diet  Hypertension
 Stroke
 Lack of physical  Cardiovascular Disease
 Diabetes
activity  Several Types of Cancer
 Cancer
 Inadequate relief
 Chronic obstructive Pulmonary disease
of chronic stress
 Depression
 Musculoskeletal disorder
HEALTHY BEHAVIOR FOR A HEALTHIER LIFESTYLES
 Commit to have a psychological
Cardiovascular disease
changes,behavioral changes, dietary changes. Cholesterol or High
 Nutrition habits Cholesterol
 Stress management
Atherosclerosis Build up in coronary
 Hydration habits
artery
 Sleeping habits
Heart Attack Warning signs:
 Physical activity
 Daily supplements  Pressure in center of
the chest
 Pain in shoulders,
What is a LIFESTYLE DISEASES?
Health problems that react to changes in lifestyle neck, or arms
 Chest discomfort with
Diseases that are caused partly by unhealthy
behaviour by other factors fainting, sweating or
Common property of all lifestyle diseases nausea.
 They make breathing heavier and body oxygen High blood pressure and The forces of blood
low. Stroke through your vessels
 Cell Hypoxia is the driving force of lifestyle Prevention of Cardiovascular diseases, Stroke
diseases.  Trim your fat intake, and eat healthy
Causes of lifestyle diseases  Cut down salty foods
Controllable Factors:  Poor eating habits  Keep your weight healthy
(Habits,  Inactivity of physical  Avoid smoking and alcohol
Behaviors & activities  Do exercise
Practices)  Smoking  Monitor you BP and cholesterol

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Community and Public Health for Medical Laboratory Science
LECTURE
 Relax and cut down stress  Menopause
Diabetes  Financial difficulties
A disorder in which cells are unable to obtain  Job problem
glucose from the blood such that high blood  Disease
glucose levels result  Loss of loved one
Types of Diabetes:  Relationship
 Type 1 or Juvenile diabetes Prevention:
 Type 2 diabetes or maturity onset diabetes  Healthy eating
(common)  Avoid food high in refined sugar and saturated
Prevention: fats
 Maintaining a healthy weight  Complex carbohydrates can help to stimulate
 Avoiding smoking the good neurotransmitter serotonin
 Reducing stress  Do exercise
 Avoiding sedentary life  Weight loss
 Avoid junk foods  Meditation
 Exercise can reduce insulin resistance  Sleep
 Positive relationship
Cancer  Avoid sedentary life
Uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells
Prevention: Musculoskeletal Disease
 Don’t smoke Healthy diet with physical activity builds strong
 Wear sunscreen, stay away from tanning beds and healthy bones.
 Eat your veggies and cut the fats Exercise strengthens the bones, ligaments and
 Eat moderate protein muscle surrounding joints
 Stay active
 Get regular medical checkups Maintaining Healthy Lifestyle
Diet Healthy eating pattern
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Consume fewer calories
Symptoms:  Shortness of breath Exercise Be physically active
 Cough At least 150 minutes per
 Sputum production week
Causes:  Tobacco smoking (common) Relaxation Balance your time
 Air pollution Addiction management Avoid smoking, alcohol,
 Genetics and drugs.
 Prolonged exposure to dust,
chemicals and fumes
 Malnutrition and low birth weight
Preventions:  Quit smoking
 Have a healthy diet
 Take nutrition supplements if
malnourished
 Do breathing exercise
 Avoid exposure to fumes and dust
 Improve both indoor and outdoor
air quality

Depression
State of low mood and aversion to activity. It can
affects thoughts, behavior, feelings, and sense of
well being
Lifestyle and life events that may precipitate depressed mood:
 Childbirth

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