THE BIG BANG THEORY : BASIC

CONCEPTS
BASIC CONCEPTS OF THE BIG BANG THEORY
 The theory states that the
universe appeared around
13.7 billion years ago.
 In this theory, the universe is
believed to have started from
a great expansion.
 Before the Big bang,
scientists believe that there
was no space, no time, no
matter and no energy
existed.
 Technically nothing was before, and then came the existence of
an infinitely dense point called the singularity that contained
everything in the universe including quarks and leptons.
 A Singularity is a mathematical point that is dense and hot,
therefore containing the primordial fireball that will make the
quarks and leptons and other particles. It contains energy too. It
also signifies the start of expansion in space with the start of
time.
 A quark is one of the most
fundamental particles which has
fundamental forces namely
electromagnetism, gravitation,
strong interaction and weak
interaction. They are the basic
building blocks of protons and
neutrons.
 Leptons are elementary particle that
has electric charge, spin and mass
but are not subject to the strong
interaction. The three basic types of
leptons are electron, muon and tau.
The singularity was incredibly
dense and hot, thus it was called a
primordial fireball.
 The two elements, hydrogen and
helium were created in the
primordial fireball, along with small
amounts of lithium and beryllium.
Hydrogen and helium are called
light elements. But though they are
called “light elements” it does not
mean they are not important.
 Actually their existence is
very crucial for the
formation of stars. And a
star will undergo different
life stages. And for some
stages of a star, other
elements of the periodic
table will be produced.