SEMANTIC

By Dandy Pradana Putra

BACKGROUND

Linguistic semantics is the study of meaning that

is used for understanding human expression
through language. Other forms of semantics
include the semantics of programming languages,
formal logics, and semiotics.
DISCUSSION
Definition of Semantics
Semantic word comes from the Greek sema which means a sign or
symbol. " Semantics " was first used by a French philologist
Michel Breal in 1883
Meaning
According to the theory developed from the view of Ferdinand de
Saussure, the meaning is 'understanding' or 'concept' owned or
contained in a linguistic signs. According to de Saussure, any
linguistic sign consists of two elements, namely (1) signified and
(2) signifier.
Type of Meaning
According Chaer (1994), the meaning can be distinguished based
on some criteria and points of view.
TYPE OF MEANING
Lexical and Grammatical Meaning
Eg the lexical meaning : rat is a rodent countrymen that cause typhoid. The
mice killed by the cat, or harvest time failed due to rat infestation
Eg the heavy stone was lifted also by a sister , it is interpreted the meaning of '
can '.
Referential Meaning and Nonreferensial
Table : a type of furniture
Because : it has no referent
Denotative and connotative meanings
The denotative meaning is consistent with the observation by sight, smell,
hearing, feeling, or other experiences.
Have a word called connotative meaning if it has the word "taste value", both
positive and negative. The connotative meaning is called figure of speech.
 ……………. TYPE OF MEANING
Meaning of Words and Meaning of Technical Terminology
Each word or lexeme has meaning, but its use that word a new meaning
became clear that the word was in the context of the sentence or the context of
the situation.
Technical terminology : sciencetific and medical
Conceptual Meaning
Horse has a conceptual meaning 'a kind of animal which has four-legged,
usually driven'.
Idiomatical Meaning and Proverb
Examples of idiom is “the blues” can refer to both a style of music and feeling
sad.
Proverb “a monkey in silk is a monkey no less” it is means that just because
someone dresses fancy does not necessarily mean that they are fancy or of good
character.
RELATIONS OF MEANINGS
There are described some form relationships of meaning :
Synonym
Eg : bad and ugly.
Antonym
Eg : good and bad; big and small
Homophones, and Homograph
Homonym : The price is fair
Go to the fair
Homophones: Bass = fish
Bass = instrument
Homograph : I want to go
I like it too
Hiponym and Hipernym
Hiponym : Orchid in flower,cats in animal
Hiipernym : orchids, roses, and tulips for flower
horse, bird, goat for animal
 ……………. RELATIONS OF MEANINGS
Polysemy
For example the head has meaning
(1) part of the body from the neck up
(2) a portion of which is adjacent to the top or front of an important or
particularly like the cream, the head of the table, and the head of the train
Ambiguity
Eg the passerby helps dog bite someone?
1)it is helping dog bite someone 2) helping a person bitten by a dog.
Redundancy
Eg“if all of us cooperate togheter, we will succeed
Metonym
Eg “roof “ metonym with “house”.
Affective Meaning
Eg honest , humble , and wise cause positive affective meaning , while
corruption and collusion cause negative affective meaning .
 ……………. RELATIONS OF MEANINGS

Etymological Meaning
Etymological meaning different from the lexical meaning as it relates to the
origin of the word and change the meaning of the word from the aspects of
history. Eg “hooker” is the sinonym of prostitute. The term became populare
during the civil war.
CLOSING

Semantic word comes from the Greek sema which

means a sign or symbol. " Semantics " was first
used by a French philologist Michel Breal in 1883 .
Semantic word then agreed as a term used for the
field of linguistics that studies the linguistic signs
with the things that was tagged . Therefore , the
semantics can be defined as the science of the
meaning, which is one of the three levels of analysis
of language : phonology , grammar , and semantics
THANK YOU AND
MAY BE USEFUL