GUESS THE WORD

TEACHER
HOMEWORK
BOOK
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What did
you just
do?
How to Paraphrase, and
Summarize?
PARAPHRASING
 What is
PARAPHRASING?
PARAPHRASING
- to express the meaning of something written or spoken,
using different words, especially to achieve greater clarity.
- a restatement of someone’s idea.
PARA
4R’s
 4R’s of PARAPHRASING
REWORD: Can you replace any word with synonyms?

REARRANGE: Can you move some words or phrases around?

REALIZE: Some information can’t be changed

(names, dates, titles, etc.,)

RECHECK: Did you include the important information?

Does it make sense?
EXAMPLES:
ORIGINAL SENTENCE PARAPHRASED SENTENCE

Giraffes like Acacia leaves and hay and they can A giraffe can eat up to 75 pounds of Acacia leaves
consume 75 pounds of food a day. and hay every day.

Any trip to Italy should include a visit to Tuscany Be sure to include a Tuscan wine-tasting
to sample their exquisite wines. experience when visiting Italy.

Her life spanned years of incredible change for Mary lived through an era of liberating reform for
women. women.
The changes made during the paraphrasing process:
 Early in the series = first season
 More threatened = greatest threat
 Closest friend = closest associates
 His mother colludes with his uncle = his mother and uncle are conspiring
 His kids click through Web sites = his children are surfing the Web

ORIGINAL PASSAGE PARAPHRASED PASSAGE

In The Sopranos, the mob is besieged as much by
inner infidelity as it is by the federal government.
Early in the series, the greatest threat to Tony's
Family is his own biological family. One of his closest
associates turns witness for the FBI, his mother
colludes with his uncle to contract a hit on Tony, and
his kids click through Web sites that track the
federal crackdown in Tony's gangland.
In the first season of The Sopranos, Tony Soprano’s
mobster activities are more threatened by members
of his biological family than by agents of the federal
government. This familial betrayal is multi-pronged.
Tony’s closest friend is an FBI informant, his mother
and uncle are conspiring to have him killed, and his
children are surfing the Web for information about
his activities.
The changes made during the paraphrasing process:
 Early in the series = first season
 More threatened = greatest threat
 Closest friend = closest associates
 His mother colludes with his uncle = his mother and uncle are conspiring
 His kids click through Web sites = his children are surfing the Web

ORIGINAL PASSAGE PARAPHRASED PASSAGE

In The Sopranos, the mob is besieged as much by
inner infidelity as it is by the federal government.
Early in the series, the greatest threat to Tony's
Family is his own biological family. One of his
closest associates turns witness for the FBI, his
mother colludes with his uncle to contract a hit
on Tony, and his kids click through Web sites that
track the federal crackdown in Tony's gangland.
In the first season of The Sopranos, Tony Soprano’s
mobster activities are more threatened by members
of his biological family than by agents of the federal
government. This familial betrayal is multi-pronged.
Tony’s closest friend is an FBI informant, his
mother and uncle are conspiring to have him
killed, and his children are surfing the Web for
information about his activities.
LET’S TRY IT!
PARAPHRASED
THE SENTENCES:
I am trying hard to be successful.
PARAPHRASED
THE SENTENCES:
The tornado hit the town.
PARAPHRASED
THE SENTENCES:
He needs to throw a lot of things.
PARAPHRASED
THE SENTENCES:
Every year, thousands of tourist
visit Spain for its beauty.
PARAPHRASED
THE SENTENCES:
The teacher gave her students some
examples of paraphrasing to help
them learn.
PARAPHRASED
THE SENTENCES:
Ninety percent of the respondents
said that they were “highly
satisfied” with their study life
experience.
PARAPHRASED
THE SENTENCES:
Ninety percent of the respondents
said that they were “highly
satisfied” with their study life
experience.
PARAPHRASED IT!

ORIGINAL PASSAGE

The koala bear of Australia is a living “Teddy Bear.” Its thick coat of gray fur is just as soft as the
beloved toy. The koala has a large head, big ears and small, dark eyes that look at you without
expression. Its nose, as black as patent leather, seems too big for the rest of its face.

The koala is a gentle little animal. It is almost defenseless. Only its color protects it from enemies.
The koala makes no nest. It just sits in the forked branches of a tree. Unlike a bird, it cannot
balance itself with its tail—because it has no tail. It likes gum trees the best because it loves
entirely on the leaves of the tree. Sometimes the supply of its special diet is used up. The koala,
rather than seek food elsewhere, will stay in its own area and starve to death.
SUMMARIZING
 What is
SUMMARIZING?
SUMMARIZING
- a process of taking information from a comparatively
longer text and creating a shorter version.
- giving a brief statement of the main points.
 Read

Re-read

Make an Outline

Draft a summary based

6 STEPS TO from the outline

SUMMARIZE Re-check
EXAMPLES:
ORIGINAL SENTENCE SUMMARIZED SENTENCE
The amphibia, an animal class to which our frogs
The first animal to live the sea and live on dry land
and toad belong, were the first animals to crawl were amphibia.
from the sea
Skipping breakfast may seem like an easy way for
dieters to cut calories. However, new research Research shows that people who wish to lose
finds that the majority of people who are weight do not skip breakfast.
successful at losing weight and keeping it off eat
breakfast every day.
SUMMARIZED IT!

ORIGINAL PARAGRAPH

A tornado is a powerful, twisting, windstorm. It begins high in the air, among the winds
of a giant storm cloud. People who have watched a tornado’s howling winds reach down
from the sky have said it’s the most frightening thing they have ever seen. In some parts
of the United States, these windstorms are called, twisters or cyclones.
 SUMMARIZED VERSION

Tornado’s are frightening, powerful, twisting windstorms, sometimes called twisters or

cyclones that start in giant storm clouds.