BQS 602

CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY V

LECTURE 2
BRIDGE
 CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION
2. GENERAL DESIGN CONSIDERATION
3. FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED IN CHOOSING BRIDGE
4. MAIN COMPONENTS OF A BRIDGE
5. BEAM BRIDGE
6. ARCH BRIDGE
7. CABLE STAYED BRIDGE
8. SUSPENSION BRIDGEMOVABLE BRIDGE
 INTRODUCTIONS

▪ Bridge is a structure designed to provide continuous

passage over an obstacle (Waterways, deep valleys, and
other transportation routes).
▪ Carry highways, railroad lines, and pathways.
▪ May also carry water, support power cables, or house
telecommunications lines

Bridges are defined according to function:

▪ An overpass allows one transportation route, such as a
highway or railroad line, to cross over another without
traffic interference between the two routes (land or sea
obstruction: deep valley, river, etc).
 GENERAL DESIGN CONSIDERATION

1. Design life represented by the bridge

2. Life and dead load

3. Impact load

4. Dynamic load (gegaran)

5. Future widening consideration

6. Durability

7. Subsoil characteristics

8. Wind load
 FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED IN
CHOOSING THE BRIDGE

• Span • Construction cost

• Freeboard clearance • Use of composite material
• Foundation system

• Performance of bridge, load • Construction method - wet or dry

capacity and settlement • Maintenance
• Construction period/fabrication • Durability

• Site Constraints • Traffic management

• Utility disruption/location
• Materials

• Accessibility • Physical nature of the site

• Environmental condition
• Aesthetic
  FREE BOARD : Free board at any point is the difference
between the highest flood level after allowing for afflux, if
any, AND the formation level of road embankment on the
approaches or top level of guide bunds at that point.

 HIGHEST FLOOD LEVEL (H.F.L) : It is the

level of the highest flood ever recorded or the
calculated level for the highest possible
flood.
 MAIN COMPONENTS OF A BRIDGE

1. Pier & Foundation

2. Abutment
3. Tower
4. Cable
5. Anchor
6. Hanger
7. Deck
8. Bearing
9. Parapet wall
1. Pier Design
2. Towers
3. Cable and anchorage
4. Several types of decking

Solid

Voided

Beam and slab

 5. Bearing

Multiple roller bearing

Elastomeric bearing Plane sliding

• These are supports on a bridge pier, which carry the weight

of the bridge and control the movements at the bridge
supports, including the temperature expansion and
contraction.
• They may be metal rockers, rollers or slides or merely rubber
or laminated rubber (Rubber with steel plates glued into it).
6. Parapet walls
7. Main components and load
distribution of a bridge
BASIC TYPES OF BRIDGE

Beam Bridge

Arch
Bridge

Cable Stayed
Bridge
Suspension
Bridge
TYPES OF BRIDGE
1. BEAM BRIDGE
Very simple and are the most common type
bridge.
▪ Usually cover short distances.
▪ The supports of a beam bridge are simple
vertical piers. As a beam bridge is
lengthened, it needs more piers to support
it.
▪ The farther apart the piers are from each
other, the weaker the bridge becomes.
▪ Even if a beam bridge is curved, it is still
considered a beam bridge.
▪ The 3 types of beam bridge are girder bridge,
truss bridge and rigid frame bridge.
1. Beam Bridge ( Cont’d)
 Pemampatan

ketegangan
Box Girder Bridge
Truss bridge
Type of truss application
• Carry heavy loads such as traffic and vehicles.
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