Ho Chi Minh City University

of Technology and Education

BODY ELECTRICAL
LIGHTING SYSTEMS
INFOTAINMENT SYSTEMS

Do Van Dzung, Assoc. Prof. PhD

Faculty of Vehicle Engineering
Email: dodzung@hcmute.edu.vn 1
 Video clips to watch
1- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hV3wJRYs5ls
2- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ks-ETyd7WHs
3- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TAmpVnZD9TI
4- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ygPiFvCth3U
5- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2FwdoXpNBSI
6- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qDudMM4J-ZE
7- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lG_nKj7k5E
8- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xe66enKPLHk
9- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lxYiiagTI_4
10-
https://www.cnbc.com/2021/09/17/car-headlights-are-more-high-tech-than-ever
-tripping-up-regulators.html
11-
https://www.drive.com.au/caradvice/types-of-headlight-technology-explained/
12- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wL3LSV3T4f4
13- https://avtotachki.com/en/chto-takoe-sistema-umnogo-sveta-v-mashine-i-
zachem-ona-nuzhna/
14- https://auto.howstuffworks.com/laser-powered-headlight.htm
15-https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W74KVKH3guI 2
 HISTORY
Early road vehicles used fueled lamps, before electric lighting.
Ford Model T used carbide lamps for headlamps and oil lamps for
tail lamps. Automobile headlamps were first fitted around 1908
and became commonplace in 1920s automobiles.

Tail and brake lamps were introduced 1915. 1919 "dip"

headlamps were available. The sealed beam headlamp was
introduced in 1936 and acceptable in the USA in 1940. Self-
cancelling turn signals were developed in 1940. By 1945
headlamps and signal lamps were integrated into the body styling.
Halogen headlamp light sources were developed in Europe in
1960. HID (high intensity discharge) headlamps were produced
starting in 1991. In 1993, the first LED tail lamps were installed on
mass-production automobiles. LED headlamps were introduced in
the first decade of the 21st century.
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 AUTOMOTIVE LIGHTING SYSTEM
The lighting system of a motor vehicle consists of lighting and
signaling devices mounted at the front, rear, sides of a motor
vehicle. These light the roadway ahead for the driver and increase
the visibility of the vehicle, allowing other drivers and pedestrians
to see a vehicle's presence, position, size, direction of travel, and
the driver's intentions regarding direction and speed of travel.
Components:
Headlamps: Dipped-beam (low, passing, meeting beam)
headlamps provide a light distribution to give adequate forward
and lateral illumination without dazzling other road users with
excessive glare. This beam is specified for use whenever other
vehicles are present ahead.
Main-beam (high, driving, full beam) headlamps provide an
intense, center-weighted distribution of light with no particular
control of glare. Therefore, they are only suitable for use when
alone on the road.
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 AUTOMOTIVE LIGHTING SYSTEM
Auxiliary lamps:
Driving lamps, tail lights, brake (stop) lights, turn signals, fog
lamps, hazard (emergency stop) lamps, room (dome) lights

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 AUTOMOTIVE LIGHTING SYSTEM

•Daytime running lamps

•Some countries permit or require vehicles to be
equipped with daytime running lamps (DRL). Depending
on the regulations of the country for which the vehicle is
built, these may be functionally dedicated lamps, or the
function may be provided by the low beam or high beam
headlamps, the front turn signals, or the front fog lamps.

•Passenger cars and small delivery vans first type

approved to UN Regulation 48 on February 2011 must
be equipped with DRLs;
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 PARAMETERS

LIGHTING DISTANCE: 250 – 500m

INTENSITY: Candela (cd) is the unit of luminous

intensity in the SI; Luminous power per unit solid angle
emitted by a point light source in a particular direction. A
common wax candle emits light with a luminous
intensity of roughly one candela.

LUMINOUS FLUX: Lumen (lm) is the SI unit of

luminous flux, a measure of the total quantity of visible
light emitted by a source per unit of time.

One lux is one lumen per square meter. 7

Headlamp technologies

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Headlamps

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Headlamp development

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Headlamps

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Headlamp development

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Headlamp development

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Headlamps

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 PARAMEERS
Electrical power equivalents for different lamps

Electrical power consumption (watts)

Minimum light output Incandescent

(lumens) Compact
Non- LED
Halogen fluorescent
halogen

90 15 6 2-3 1-2

200 25 3-5 3

450 40 29 9–11 5–8

800 60 13–15 8–12

1,100 75 53 18–20 10–16

1,600 100 72 24–28 14–17

2,400 150 30–52 24-30[9]

3,100 200 49–75 32[10]

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4,000 300 75–100 40.5[11]
Headlamp optical system

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Paraboloid Headlamps

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 Paraboloid Headlamps with DMD
DMD - digital micro mirror device

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 Laser headlight
A laser lamp uses mirrors to direct a laser on to a
phosphor that then emits a light. Laser lamps use half as
much power as LED lamps.

They were first developed by Audi for use as headlamps.

In 2014, the BMW i8 became the first production car to
be sold with an auxiliary high-beam lamp based on this
technology. The limited-production Audi R8 LMX uses
lasers for illumination in high-speed driving and low-light
conditions. The Rolls-Royce Phantom VIII employs laser
headlights with a high beam range of over 600 meters.

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Laser Headlight Principle

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Head halogen lighting electrical circuits

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Headlights electrical circuits

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Turn signal circuits

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Toyota turn signal circuits

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Flasher electronic circuits with IC 555

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Fog lamp electrical circuits

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Lamp failure warning circuit

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Headlamp automatic control

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Headlamp retractor control

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Headlamp retractor control

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Xenon (HID) Headlamps Circuit

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 Xenon Headlamps Connection

AMP – Aircraft and Marine

Products

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Xenon Headlamps Waveforms

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 LED tail lights
and brake lights

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LED in lighting system

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LEDS in lighting system

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LED tail light circuits

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LED tail light circuits

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Dome Interior lights

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Dome Interior lights wiring diagram

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Interior lights

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Dashboard lights

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 Automotive night vision
An automotive night vision system uses a thermographic
camera to increase a driver's perception and seeing distance in
darkness or poor weather beyond the reach of the vehicle's
headlights. Such systems are offered as optional equipment on
certain premium vehicles. The technology was first introduced in
the year 2000 on the Cadillac Deville.

This technology is based on the night vision devices (NVD), which

generally denotes any electronically enhanced optical devices
operate in three modes: image enhancement, thermal imaging,
and active illumination. The automotive night vision system is a
combination of NVDs such as infrared cameras, GPS, Lidar, and
Radar, among others to sense and detect objects.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2TIX6zJ35eo 43
Automotive night vision

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Automotive night vision

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Automotive night vision

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DASHBOARD GAUGES

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TACHOMETER AND SPEEDOMETER

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TACHOMETER

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DASHBOARD GAUGES

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DIGITAL DASHBOARD GAUGES

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TACHOMETER

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TACHOMETER ELECTRONIC CIRCUIT

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TACHOMETER WITH DISTRIBUTORLESS IGNITION

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CONVENTIONAL SPEEDOMETER

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SPEEDOMETER

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SPEEDOMETER WITH REED SWITCH

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SPEEDOMETER WITH PICK-UP

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 TACHOMETER FOR DIESELS

- Use the speed sensors located on shafts

- Use the phase voltage of alternator
- Use transistor in ECU 59
TACHOMETER FOR DIESELS

60